bs-uplink-scheduler-mbqos.cc

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/* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
/*
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation;
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 */

#include "bs-uplink-scheduler-mbqos.h"
#include "bs-net-device.h"
#include "ns3/simulator.h"
#include "cid.h"
#include "burst-profile-manager.h"
#include "ss-manager.h"
#include "ns3/log.h"
#include "ns3/uinteger.h"
#include "service-flow.h"
#include "service-flow-record.h"
#include "bs-link-manager.h"
#include "bandwidth-manager.h"
#include "connection-manager.h"

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("UplinkSchedulerMBQoS");

namespace ns3 {

NS_OBJECT_ENSURE_REGISTERED (UplinkSchedulerMBQoS);

UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::UplinkSchedulerMBQoS ()
{
}

UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::UplinkSchedulerMBQoS (Time time)
  : m_windowInterval (time)
{

}

UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::~UplinkSchedulerMBQoS (void)
{
  SetBs (0);
  m_uplinkAllocations.clear ();
}

TypeId
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::GetTypeId (void)
{
  static TypeId tid = TypeId ("ns3::UplinkSchedulerMBQoS")

    .SetParent<UplinkScheduler> ()

    .AddAttribute ("WindowInterval",
                   "The time to wait to reset window",
                   TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)),
                   MakeTimeAccessor (&UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::m_windowInterval),
                   MakeTimeChecker ());
  return tid;
}

void
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::InitOnce ()
{
  UplinkSchedWindowTimer ();
}

std::list<OfdmUlMapIe>
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::GetUplinkAllocations (void) const
{
  return m_uplinkAllocations;
}

void
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::GetChannelDescriptorsToUpdate (bool &updateDcd,
                                                     bool &updateUcd,
                                                     bool &sendDcd,
                                                     bool &sendUcd)
{
  /* DCD and UCD shall actually be updated when channel or burst profile definitions
   change. burst profiles are updated based on number of SSs, network conditions and etc.
   for now temporarily assuming DCD/UCD shall be updated everytime */

  uint32_t randNr = rand ();
  if (randNr % 5 == 0 || GetBs ()->GetNrDcdSent () == 0)
    {
      sendDcd = true;
    }

  randNr = rand ();
  if (randNr % 5 == 0 || GetBs ()->GetNrUcdSent () == 0)
    {
      sendUcd = true;
    }

  // -------------------------------------
  // additional, just to send more frequently
  if (!sendDcd)
    {
      randNr = rand ();
      if (randNr % 4 == 0)
        {
          sendDcd = true;
        }
    }

  if (!sendUcd)
    {
      randNr = rand ();
      if (randNr % 4 == 0)
        {
          sendUcd = true;
        }
    }
  // -------------------------------------

  Time timeSinceLastDcd = Simulator::Now () - GetDcdTimeStamp ();
  Time timeSinceLastUcd = Simulator::Now () - GetUcdTimeStamp ();

  if (timeSinceLastDcd > GetBs ()->GetDcdInterval ())
    {
      sendDcd = true;
      SetDcdTimeStamp (Simulator::Now ());
    }

  if (timeSinceLastUcd > GetBs ()->GetUcdInterval ())
    {
      sendUcd = true;
      SetUcdTimeStamp (Simulator::Now ());
    }
}

uint32_t
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::CalculateAllocationStartTime (void)
{
  return GetBs ()->GetNrDlSymbols () * GetBs ()->GetPhy ()->GetPsPerSymbol () + GetBs ()->GetTtg ();
}

void
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::AddUplinkAllocation (OfdmUlMapIe &ulMapIe,
                                           const uint32_t &allocationSize,
                                           uint32_t &symbolsToAllocation,
                                           uint32_t &availableSymbols)
{
  ulMapIe.SetDuration (allocationSize);
  ulMapIe.SetStartTime (symbolsToAllocation);
  m_uplinkAllocations.push_back (ulMapIe);
  symbolsToAllocation += allocationSize;
  availableSymbols -= allocationSize;
}

void
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::UplinkSchedWindowTimer (void)
{

  NS_LOG (LOG_DEBUG, "Window Reset at " << (Simulator::Now ()).GetSeconds ());

  uint32_t min_bw = 0;

  if (!GetBs ()->GetSSManager ())
    {
      Simulator::Schedule (m_windowInterval, &UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::UplinkSchedWindowTimer, this);
      return;
    }

  std::vector<SSRecord*> *ssRecords = GetBs ()->GetSSManager ()->GetSSRecords ();

  // For each SS
  for (std::vector<SSRecord*>::iterator iter = ssRecords->begin (); iter != ssRecords->end (); ++iter)
    {
      SSRecord *ssRecord = *iter;
      std::vector<ServiceFlow*> serviceFlows = ssRecord->GetServiceFlows (ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_ALL);

      // For each flow
      for (std::vector<ServiceFlow*>::iterator iter2 = serviceFlows.begin (); iter2 != serviceFlows.end (); ++iter2)
        {
          ServiceFlow *serviceFlow = *iter2;
          if ((serviceFlow->GetSchedulingType () == ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_RTPS) || (serviceFlow->GetSchedulingType ()
                                                                                   == ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_NRTPS))
            {
              min_bw = (int) ceil (serviceFlow->GetMinReservedTrafficRate ());

              // This way we can compensate flows which did not get min_bw in the previous window
              if ((serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetBacklogged () > 0)
                  && (serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetBwSinceLastExpiry () < min_bw))
                {
                  serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->UpdateBwSinceLastExpiry (-min_bw);

                  // if backlogged < granted_bw then we don't need to provide granted_bw + min_bw in next window, but backlogged + min_bw
                  if (serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetBacklogged ()
                      < (serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetBwSinceLastExpiry ()))
                    {
                      serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->SetBwSinceLastExpiry (-serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetBacklogged ());
                    }
                }
              else
                {
                  serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->SetBwSinceLastExpiry (0);
                }
            }
        }
    }

  // Periodically reset window
  Simulator::Schedule (m_windowInterval, &UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::UplinkSchedWindowTimer, this);
}

void
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::Schedule (void)
{
  m_uplinkAllocations.clear ();
  SetIsIrIntrvlAllocated (false);
  SetIsInvIrIntrvlAllocated (false);
  bool allocationForDsa = false;

  uint32_t symbolsToAllocation = 0;
  uint32_t allocationSize = 0; // size in symbols
  uint32_t availableSymbols = GetBs ()->GetNrUlSymbols ();
  uint32_t availableSymbolsAux = GetBs ()->GetNrUlSymbols ();

  AllocateInitialRangingInterval (symbolsToAllocation, availableSymbols);

  std::vector<SSRecord*> *ssRecords = GetBs ()->GetSSManager ()->GetSSRecords ();
  for (std::vector<SSRecord*>::iterator iter = ssRecords->begin (); iter != ssRecords->end (); ++iter)
    {
      SSRecord *ssRecord = *iter;

      if (ssRecord->GetIsBroadcastSS ())
        {
          continue;
        }
      Cid cid = ssRecord->GetBasicCid ();
      OfdmUlMapIe ulMapIe;
      ulMapIe.SetCid (cid);

      if (ssRecord->GetPollForRanging () && ssRecord->GetRangingStatus () == WimaxNetDevice::RANGING_STATUS_CONTINUE)
        {
          // SS's ranging is not yet complete
          // allocating invited initial ranging interval
          ulMapIe.SetUiuc (OfdmUlBurstProfile::UIUC_INITIAL_RANGING);
          allocationSize = GetBs ()->GetRangReqOppSize ();
          SetIsInvIrIntrvlAllocated (true);

          if (availableSymbols >= allocationSize)
            {
              AddUplinkAllocation (ulMapIe, allocationSize, symbolsToAllocation, availableSymbols);
            }
          else
            {
              break;
            }
        }
      else
        {
          WimaxPhy::ModulationType modulationType = ssRecord->GetModulationType ();

          // need to update because modulation/FEC to UIUC mapping may vary over time
          ulMapIe.SetUiuc (GetBs ()->GetBurstProfileManager ()->GetBurstProfile (modulationType,
                                                                                 WimaxNetDevice::DIRECTION_UPLINK));

          // establish service flows for SS
          if (ssRecord->GetRangingStatus () == WimaxNetDevice::RANGING_STATUS_SUCCESS
              && !ssRecord->GetAreServiceFlowsAllocated ())
            {

              // allocating grant (with arbitrary size) to allow SS to send DSA messages DSA-REQ and DSA-ACK
              // only one DSA allocation per frame
              if (!allocationForDsa)
                {
                  allocationSize = GetBs ()->GetPhy ()->GetNrSymbols (sizeof(DsaReq), modulationType);

                  if (availableSymbols >= allocationSize)
                    {
                      AddUplinkAllocation (ulMapIe, allocationSize, symbolsToAllocation, availableSymbols);
                      allocationForDsa = true;
                    }
                  else
                    {
                      break;
                    }
                }
            }
          else
            {
              // all service flows associated to SS are established now

              /* Implementation of uplink scheduler
               * [1] Freitag, J.; da Fonseca, N.L.S., "Uplink Scheduling with Quality of Service in IEEE 802.16 Networks,"
               * Global Telecommunications Conference, 2007. GLOBECOM '07. IEEE , vol., no., pp.2503-2508, 26-30 Nov. 2007
               * URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=4411386&isnumber=4410910 */

              // Step 1
              if (availableSymbols)
                {
                  /*allocating grants for data transmission for UGS flows (Data Grant Burst Type IEs, 6.3.7.4.3.3)
                   (grant has been referred by different names e.g. transmission opportunity, slot,         uplink allocation, etc)*/
                  if (ssRecord->GetHasServiceFlowUgs ())
                    {
                      NS_LOG_DEBUG ("At " << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << " offering be unicast polling");
                      // Recover period interval information for UGS flow
                      Time frame_duration = GetBs ()->GetPhy ()->GetFrameDuration ();
                      Time
                        timestamp =
                        (*(ssRecord->GetServiceFlows (ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_UGS).begin ()))->GetRecord ()->GetLastGrantTime ()
                        + MilliSeconds ((*(ssRecord->GetServiceFlows (ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_UGS).begin ()))->GetUnsolicitedGrantInterval ());

                      Time frame = Time ((timestamp - Simulator::Now ()) / frame_duration);

                      if (frame <= 1)
                        {
                          // UGS Grants
                          // It is not necessary to enqueue UGS grants once it is periodically served
                          ServiceUnsolicitedGrants (ssRecord,
                                                    ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_UGS,
                                                    ulMapIe,
                                                    modulationType,
                                                    symbolsToAllocation,
                                                    availableSymbols);
                        }
                    }

                  // enqueue allocate unicast polls for rtPS flows if bandwidth is available
                  if (ssRecord->GetHasServiceFlowRtps ())
                    {
                      NS_LOG_DEBUG ("At " << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << " offering rtps unicast polling");
                      Ptr<UlJob> jobRTPSPoll = CreateUlJob (ssRecord, ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_RTPS, UNICAST_POLLING);
                      EnqueueJob (UlJob::HIGH, jobRTPSPoll);
                    }

                  if (ssRecord->GetHasServiceFlowNrtps ())
                    {
                      NS_LOG_DEBUG ("At " << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << " offering nrtps unicast polling");
                      // allocate unicast polls for nrtPS flows if bandwidth is available
                      Ptr<UlJob> jobNRTPSPoll = CreateUlJob (ssRecord, ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_NRTPS, UNICAST_POLLING);
                      EnqueueJob (UlJob::HIGH, jobNRTPSPoll);
                    }

                  if (ssRecord->GetHasServiceFlowBe ())
                    {
                      NS_LOG_DEBUG ("At " << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << " offering be unicast polling");
                      // finally allocate unicast polls for BE flows if bandwidth is available
                      Ptr<UlJob> jobBEPoll = CreateUlJob (ssRecord, ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_BE, UNICAST_POLLING);
                      EnqueueJob (UlJob::HIGH, jobBEPoll);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
  NS_LOG_DEBUG ("At " << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds ()<< " high queue has " << m_uplinkJobs_high.size ()<< " jobs - after sched");

  availableSymbolsAux = availableSymbols;
  uint32_t symbolsUsed = 0;

  symbolsUsed += CountSymbolsQueue (m_uplinkJobs_high);
  availableSymbolsAux -= symbolsUsed;

  // Step 2 - Check Deadline - Migrate requests with deadline expiring
  CheckDeadline (availableSymbolsAux);

  // Step 3 - Check Minimum Bandwidth
  CheckMinimumBandwidth (availableSymbolsAux);

  // Scheduling high priority queue
  NS_LOG_DEBUG ("At " << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds ()<< " high queue has " << m_uplinkJobs_high.size ()<< " jobs");
  while ((availableSymbols) && (!m_uplinkJobs_high.empty ()))
    {

      Ptr<UlJob> job = m_uplinkJobs_high.front ();
      OfdmUlMapIe ulMapIe;
      SSRecord * ssRecord = job->GetSsRecord ();
      enum ServiceFlow::SchedulingType schedulingType = job->GetSchedulingType ();

      Cid cid = ssRecord->GetBasicCid ();
      ulMapIe.SetCid (cid);
      WimaxPhy::ModulationType modulationType = ssRecord->GetModulationType ();
      // need to update because modulation/FEC to UIUC mapping may vary over time
      ulMapIe.SetUiuc (GetBs ()->GetBurstProfileManager ()->GetBurstProfile (modulationType,
                                                                             WimaxNetDevice::DIRECTION_UPLINK));

      ReqType reqType = job->GetType ();

      if (reqType == UNICAST_POLLING)
        {
          ServiceUnsolicitedGrants (ssRecord,
                                    schedulingType,
                                    ulMapIe,
                                    modulationType,
                                    symbolsToAllocation,
                                    availableSymbols);
        }
      else if (reqType == DATA)
        {
          ServiceFlow *serviceFlow = job->GetServiceFlow ();
          uint32_t allocSizeBytes = job->GetSize ();
          ServiceBandwidthRequestsBytes (serviceFlow,
                                         schedulingType,
                                         ulMapIe,
                                         modulationType,
                                         symbolsToAllocation,
                                         availableSymbols,
                                         allocSizeBytes);
        }
      m_uplinkJobs_high.pop_front ();
    }

  NS_LOG_DEBUG ("At " << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds ()<< " interqueue has " << m_uplinkJobs_inter.size ()<< " jobs");
  /* Scheduling intermediate priority queue */
  while ((availableSymbols) && (!m_uplinkJobs_inter.empty ()))
    {
      NS_LOG_DEBUG ("At " << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds ()<< " Scheduling interqueue");
      Ptr<UlJob> job = m_uplinkJobs_inter.front ();
      OfdmUlMapIe ulMapIe;
      SSRecord * ssRecord = job->GetSsRecord ();
      enum ServiceFlow::SchedulingType schedulingType = job->GetSchedulingType ();

      Cid cid = ssRecord->GetBasicCid ();
      ulMapIe.SetCid (cid);
      WimaxPhy::ModulationType modulationType = ssRecord->GetModulationType ();
      // need to update because modulation/FEC to UIUC mapping may vary over time
      ulMapIe.SetUiuc (GetBs ()->GetBurstProfileManager ()->GetBurstProfile (modulationType,
                                                                             WimaxNetDevice::DIRECTION_UPLINK));

      ReqType reqType = job->GetType ();

      if (reqType == DATA)
        {
          ServiceBandwidthRequests (ssRecord,
                                    schedulingType,
                                    ulMapIe,
                                    modulationType,
                                    symbolsToAllocation,
                                    availableSymbols);
        }
      else
        {
          NS_FATAL_ERROR ("Intermediate priority queue only should enqueue data packets.");
        }
      m_uplinkJobs_inter.pop_front ();
    }

  /* Scheduling low priority queue */
  while ((availableSymbols) && (!m_uplinkJobs_low.empty ()))
    {

      Ptr<UlJob> job = m_uplinkJobs_low.front ();
      OfdmUlMapIe ulMapIe;
      SSRecord * ssRecord = job->GetSsRecord ();
      enum ServiceFlow::SchedulingType schedulingType = job->GetSchedulingType ();

      Cid cid = ssRecord->GetBasicCid ();
      ulMapIe.SetCid (cid);
      WimaxPhy::ModulationType modulationType = ssRecord->GetModulationType ();
      // need to update because modulation/FEC to UIUC mapping may vary over time
      ulMapIe.SetUiuc (GetBs ()->GetBurstProfileManager ()->GetBurstProfile (modulationType,
                                                                             WimaxNetDevice::DIRECTION_UPLINK));

      ReqType reqType = job->GetType ();

      if (reqType == DATA)
        {
          ServiceBandwidthRequests (ssRecord,
                                    schedulingType,
                                    ulMapIe,
                                    modulationType,
                                    symbolsToAllocation,
                                    availableSymbols);
        }
      else
        {
          NS_FATAL_ERROR ("Low priority queue only should enqueue data packets.");
        }
      m_uplinkJobs_low.pop_front ();
    }

  OfdmUlMapIe ulMapIeEnd;
  ulMapIeEnd.SetCid (*(new Cid (0)));
  ulMapIeEnd.SetStartTime (symbolsToAllocation);
  ulMapIeEnd.SetUiuc (OfdmUlBurstProfile::UIUC_END_OF_MAP);
  ulMapIeEnd.SetDuration (0);
  m_uplinkAllocations.push_back (ulMapIeEnd);

  // setting DL/UL subframe allocation for the next frame
  GetBs ()->GetBandwidthManager ()->SetSubframeRatio ();
}

bool UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::ServiceBandwidthRequestsBytes (ServiceFlow *serviceFlow,
                                                          enum ServiceFlow::SchedulingType schedulingType, OfdmUlMapIe &ulMapIe,
                                                          const WimaxPhy::ModulationType modulationType,
                                                          uint32_t &symbolsToAllocation, uint32_t &availableSymbols, uint32_t allocationSizeBytes)
{
  uint32_t allocSizeBytes = allocationSizeBytes;
  uint32_t allocSizeSymbols = 0;

  ServiceFlowRecord *record = serviceFlow->GetRecord ();

  uint32_t requiredBandwidth = record->GetRequestedBandwidth ();

  if (requiredBandwidth > 0)
    {
      allocSizeSymbols = GetBs ()->GetPhy ()->GetNrSymbols (allocSizeBytes, modulationType);

      if (availableSymbols < allocSizeSymbols)
        {
          allocSizeSymbols = availableSymbols;
        }

      if (availableSymbols >= allocSizeSymbols)
        {
          NS_LOG_DEBUG (
            "At " << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds ()<<" BS uplink scheduler, "
                  << serviceFlow->GetSchedulingTypeStr ()
                  << " allocation, size: " << allocSizeSymbols << " symbols"
                  << ", CID: "
                  << serviceFlow->GetConnection ()->GetCid ()
                  << ", SFID: " << serviceFlow->GetSfid ()
                  << ", bw requested: " << record->GetRequestedBandwidth ()
                  << ", bw granted: " << allocSizeBytes
                  << std::endl);

          record->UpdateGrantedBandwidthTemp (allocSizeBytes);
          record->UpdateGrantedBandwidth (allocSizeBytes);
          record->UpdateRequestedBandwidth (-allocSizeBytes);

          record->UpdateBwSinceLastExpiry (allocSizeBytes);


          AddUplinkAllocation (ulMapIe, allocSizeSymbols, symbolsToAllocation,
                               availableSymbols);
        } else
        {
          return false;
        }
    }
  return true;
}

uint32_t
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::CountSymbolsQueue (std::list<Ptr<UlJob> > jobs)
{
  uint32_t symbols = 0;
  for (std::list<Ptr<UlJob> >::iterator iter = jobs.begin (); iter != jobs.end (); ++iter)
    {
      Ptr<UlJob> job = *iter;

      // count symbols
      symbols += CountSymbolsJobs (job);
    }
  return symbols;
}

Ptr<UlJob>
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::CreateUlJob (SSRecord *ssRecord, enum ServiceFlow::SchedulingType schedType, ReqType reqType)
{
  Ptr<UlJob> job = CreateObject <UlJob> ();
  job->SetSsRecord (ssRecord);
  job->SetSchedulingType (schedType);
  job->SetServiceFlow (*(ssRecord->GetServiceFlows (schedType).begin ()));
  job->SetType (reqType);
  return job;
}

uint32_t
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::CountSymbolsJobs (Ptr<UlJob> job)
{
  SSRecord *ssRecord = job->GetSsRecord ();
  ServiceFlow *serviceFlow = job->GetServiceFlow ();
  uint32_t allocationSize = 0;

  if (job->GetType () == UNICAST_POLLING)
    {
      // if polling
      Time currentTime = Simulator::Now ();
      allocationSize = 0;
      if ((currentTime - serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetGrantTimeStamp ()).GetMilliSeconds ()
          >= serviceFlow->GetUnsolicitedPollingInterval ())
        {
          allocationSize = GetBs ()->GetBwReqOppSize ();
        }
    }
  else
    {
      // if data
      uint16_t sduSize = serviceFlow->GetSduSize ();
      ServiceFlowRecord *record = serviceFlow->GetRecord ();
      uint32_t requiredBandwidth = record->GetRequestedBandwidth () - record->GetGrantedBandwidth ();
      if (requiredBandwidth > 0)
        {
          WimaxPhy::ModulationType modulationType = ssRecord->GetModulationType ();
          if (sduSize > 0)
            {
              // if SDU size is mentioned, allocate grant of that size
              allocationSize = GetBs ()->GetPhy ()->GetNrSymbols (sduSize, modulationType);
            }
          else
            {
              allocationSize = GetBs ()->GetPhy ()->GetNrSymbols (requiredBandwidth, modulationType);
            }
        }
    }
  return allocationSize;
}

void
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::EnqueueJob (UlJob::JobPriority priority, Ptr<UlJob> job)
{
  switch (priority)
    {
    case UlJob::HIGH:
      m_uplinkJobs_high.push_back (job);
      break;
    case UlJob::INTERMEDIATE:
      m_uplinkJobs_inter.push_back (job);
      break;
    case UlJob::LOW:
      m_uplinkJobs_low.push_back (job);
    }
}

Ptr<UlJob>
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::DequeueJob (UlJob::JobPriority priority)
{
  Ptr<UlJob> job_front;
  switch (priority)
    {
    case UlJob::HIGH:
      job_front = m_uplinkJobs_high.front ();
      m_uplinkJobs_high.pop_front ();
      break;
    case UlJob::INTERMEDIATE:
      job_front = m_uplinkJobs_inter.front ();
      m_uplinkJobs_inter.pop_front ();
      break;
    case UlJob::LOW:
      job_front = m_uplinkJobs_low.front ();
      m_uplinkJobs_low.pop_front ();
    }
  return job_front;
}

void
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::CheckDeadline (uint32_t &availableSymbols)
{
  // for each request in the imermediate queue
  if (m_uplinkJobs_inter.size () > 0)
    {
      std::list<Ptr<UlJob> >::iterator iter = m_uplinkJobs_inter.begin ();

      while (iter != m_uplinkJobs_inter.end () && availableSymbols)
        {
          Ptr<UlJob> job = *iter;

          // guarantee delay bound for rtps connections
          if (job->GetSchedulingType () == ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_RTPS)
            {
              Time deadline = job->GetDeadline ();
              Time frame_duration = GetBs ()->GetPhy ()->GetFrameDuration ();

              Time frame = Time ((deadline - Simulator::Now ()) / frame_duration);

              NS_LOG_DEBUG ("At " << Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds () << " reserved traffic rate: "
                                  << job->GetServiceFlow ()->GetMinReservedTrafficRate ()
                                  <<" deadline: "<<job->GetDeadline ().GetSeconds () << " frame start: "<<GetBs ()->m_frameStartTime.GetSeconds ()
                                  <<" frame duration: "<< frame_duration );

              // should be schedule in this frame to max latency
              if (frame >= 3)
                {

                  if (availableSymbols)
                    {
                      uint32_t availableBytes =  GetBs ()->GetPhy ()->GetNrBytes (availableSymbols,job->GetSsRecord ()->GetModulationType ());
                      uint32_t allocationSize = job->GetSize ();
                      if (allocationSize > availableBytes)
                        {
                          allocationSize = availableBytes;
                        }


                      if (allocationSize == 0)
                        {
                          continue;
                        }

                      uint32_t symbolsToAllocate = GetBs ()->GetPhy ()->GetNrSymbols (allocationSize, job->GetSsRecord ()->GetModulationType ());
                      if (symbolsToAllocate > availableSymbols)
                        {
                          symbolsToAllocate = availableSymbols;
                          allocationSize = GetBs ()->GetPhy ()->GetNrBytes (symbolsToAllocate,job->GetSsRecord ()->GetModulationType ());
                        }

                      job->SetSize (job->GetSize () - allocationSize);

                      Ptr<UlJob> newJob =  CreateObject<UlJob> ();
                      // Record data in job
                      newJob->SetSsRecord (job->GetSsRecord ());
                      newJob->SetServiceFlow (job->GetServiceFlow ());
                      newJob->SetSize (allocationSize);
                      newJob->SetDeadline (job->GetDeadline ());
                      newJob->SetReleaseTime (job->GetReleaseTime ());
                      newJob->SetSchedulingType (job->GetSchedulingType ());
                      newJob->SetPeriod (job->GetPeriod ());
                      newJob->SetType (job->GetType ());

                      EnqueueJob (UlJob::HIGH, newJob);

                      // migrate request
                      iter++;
                      if ((job->GetSize () - allocationSize) == 0)
                        {
                          m_uplinkJobs_inter.remove (job);
                        }

                    }
                }
              else
                {
                  iter++;
                }
            }
          else
            {
              iter++;
            }
        }
    }
}

void
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::CheckMinimumBandwidth (uint32_t &availableSymbols)
{
  std::list<Ptr<PriorityUlJob> > priorityUlJobs;

  // For each connection of type rtPS or nrtPS
  std::vector<SSRecord*> *ssRecords = GetBs ()->GetSSManager ()->GetSSRecords ();
  for (std::vector<SSRecord*>::iterator iter = ssRecords->begin (); iter != ssRecords->end (); ++iter)
    {
      SSRecord *ssRecord = *iter;
      std::vector<ServiceFlow*> serviceFlows = ssRecord->GetServiceFlows (ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_ALL);
      for (std::vector<ServiceFlow*>::iterator iter2 = serviceFlows.begin (); iter2 != serviceFlows.end (); ++iter2)
        {
          ServiceFlow *serviceFlow = *iter2;
          if (serviceFlow->GetSchedulingType () == ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_RTPS || serviceFlow->GetSchedulingType ()
              == ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_NRTPS)
            {
              serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->SetBackloggedTemp (serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetBacklogged ());
              serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->SetGrantedBandwidthTemp (serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetBwSinceLastExpiry ());
            }
        }
    }

  // for each request in the imermediate queue
  for (std::list<Ptr<UlJob> >::const_iterator iter = m_uplinkJobs_inter.begin (); iter != m_uplinkJobs_inter.end (); ++iter)
    {
      Ptr<UlJob> job = *iter;
      // SSRecord ssRecord = job->GetSsRecord();
      ServiceFlow *serviceFlow = job->GetServiceFlow ();
      if ((job->GetSchedulingType () == ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_RTPS || job->GetSchedulingType ()
           == ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_NRTPS) && (serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetBacklogged () > 0))
        {
          uint32_t minReservedTrafficRate = serviceFlow->GetMinReservedTrafficRate ();
          uint32_t grantedBandwidth = serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetBwSinceLastExpiry ();

          Ptr<PriorityUlJob> priorityUlJob = CreateObject<PriorityUlJob> ();
          priorityUlJob->SetUlJob (job);
          // pri_array
          if (minReservedTrafficRate <= grantedBandwidth)
            {
              priorityUlJob->SetPriority (-10000);
            }
          else
            {
              uint32_t allocationSize = serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetRequestedBandwidth ()
                - serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetGrantedBandwidth ();
              uint32_t sduSize = serviceFlow->GetSduSize ();

              if (allocationSize > 0)
                {
                  if (sduSize > 0)
                    {
                      // if SDU size is mentioned, grant of that size
                      allocationSize = sduSize;
                    }
                }
              int priority = serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetBackloggedTemp ()
                - (serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetGrantedBandwidthTemp () - minReservedTrafficRate);
              priorityUlJob->SetPriority (priority);
              serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->SetGrantedBandwidthTemp (serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetGrantedBandwidthTemp ()
                                                                  + allocationSize);
              serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->SetBackloggedTemp (serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetBackloggedTemp ()
                                                            - allocationSize);
            }

          priorityUlJobs.push_back (priorityUlJob);
        }
    }

  priorityUlJobs.sort (SortProcessPtr ());

  for (std::list<Ptr<PriorityUlJob> >::const_iterator iter = priorityUlJobs.begin (); iter != priorityUlJobs.end (); ++iter)
    {
      Ptr<PriorityUlJob> priorityUlJob = *iter;
      Ptr<UlJob> job_priority = priorityUlJob->GetUlJob ();
      Ptr<UlJob> job = job_priority;
      if (availableSymbols)
        {
          availableSymbols -= CountSymbolsJobs (job);
          // migrate request
          m_uplinkJobs_inter.remove (job);
          EnqueueJob (UlJob::HIGH, job);
        }
    }
}

void
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::ServiceUnsolicitedGrants (const SSRecord *ssRecord,
                                                enum ServiceFlow::SchedulingType schedulingType,
                                                OfdmUlMapIe &ulMapIe,
                                                const WimaxPhy::ModulationType modulationType,
                                                uint32_t &symbolsToAllocation,
                                                uint32_t &availableSymbols)
{
  uint32_t allocationSize = 0; // size in symbols
  uint8_t uiuc = ulMapIe.GetUiuc (); // SS's burst profile
  std::vector<ServiceFlow*> serviceFlows = ssRecord->GetServiceFlows (schedulingType);

  for (std::vector<ServiceFlow*>::iterator iter = serviceFlows.begin (); iter != serviceFlows.end (); ++iter)
    {
      ServiceFlow *serviceFlow = *iter;

      /* in case of rtPS, nrtPS and BE, allocating unicast polls for bandwidth requests (Request IEs, 6.3.7.4.3.1).
       in case of UGS, allocating grants for data transmission (Data Grant Burst Type IEs, 6.3.7.4.3.3) (grant has
       been referred in this code by different names e.g. transmission opportunity, slot, allocation, etc) */

      allocationSize = GetBs ()->GetBandwidthManager ()->CalculateAllocationSize (ssRecord, serviceFlow);

      if (availableSymbols < allocationSize)
        {
          break;
        }

      if (allocationSize > 0)
        {
          ulMapIe.SetStartTime (symbolsToAllocation);
          if (serviceFlow->GetSchedulingType () != ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_UGS)
            {
              // special burst profile with most robust modulation type is used for unicast polls (Request IEs)
              ulMapIe.SetUiuc (OfdmUlBurstProfile::UIUC_REQ_REGION_FULL);
            }
        }
      else
        {
          continue;
        }

      if (serviceFlow->GetSchedulingType () == ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_UGS)
        {
          NS_LOG_DEBUG ("BS uplink scheduler, UGS allocation, size: " << allocationSize << " symbols");
        }
      else
        {
          NS_LOG_DEBUG ("BS uplink scheduler, " << serviceFlow->GetSchedulingTypeStr () << " unicast poll, size: "
                                                << allocationSize << " symbols" << ", modulation: BPSK 1/2");
        }

      NS_LOG_DEBUG (", CID: " << serviceFlow->GetConnection ()->GetCid () << ", SFID: " << serviceFlow->GetSfid ());

      serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->SetLastGrantTime (Simulator::Now ());
      AddUplinkAllocation (ulMapIe, allocationSize, symbolsToAllocation, availableSymbols);
      ulMapIe.SetUiuc (uiuc);
    }
}

void
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::ServiceBandwidthRequests (const SSRecord *ssRecord,
                                                enum ServiceFlow::SchedulingType schedulingType,
                                                OfdmUlMapIe &ulMapIe,
                                                const WimaxPhy::ModulationType modulationType,
                                                uint32_t &symbolsToAllocation,
                                                uint32_t &availableSymbols)
{
  std::vector<ServiceFlow*> serviceFlows = ssRecord->GetServiceFlows (schedulingType);

  for (std::vector<ServiceFlow*>::iterator iter = serviceFlows.begin (); iter != serviceFlows.end (); ++iter)
    {
      if (!ServiceBandwidthRequests (*iter,
                                     schedulingType,
                                     ulMapIe,
                                     modulationType,
                                     symbolsToAllocation,
                                     availableSymbols))
        {
          break;
        }
    }
}

bool
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::ServiceBandwidthRequests (ServiceFlow *serviceFlow,
                                                enum ServiceFlow::SchedulingType schedulingType,
                                                OfdmUlMapIe &ulMapIe,
                                                const WimaxPhy::ModulationType modulationType,
                                                uint32_t &symbolsToAllocation,
                                                uint32_t &availableSymbols)
{
  uint32_t allocSizeBytes = 0;
  uint32_t allocSizeSymbols = 0;
  uint16_t sduSize = 0;

  ServiceFlowRecord *record = serviceFlow->GetRecord ();
  sduSize = serviceFlow->GetSduSize ();

  uint32_t requiredBandwidth = record->GetRequestedBandwidth () - record->GetGrantedBandwidth ();
  if (requiredBandwidth > 0)
    {
      if (sduSize > 0)
        {
          // if SDU size is mentioned, allocate grant of that size
          allocSizeBytes = sduSize;
          allocSizeSymbols = GetBs ()->GetPhy ()->GetNrSymbols (sduSize, modulationType);

        }
      else
        {
          allocSizeBytes = requiredBandwidth;
          allocSizeSymbols = GetBs ()->GetPhy ()->GetNrSymbols (requiredBandwidth, modulationType);
        }

      if (availableSymbols >= allocSizeSymbols)
        {
          NS_LOG_DEBUG ("BS uplink scheduler, " << serviceFlow->GetSchedulingTypeStr () << " allocation, size: "
                                                << allocSizeSymbols << " symbols" << ", CID: " << serviceFlow->GetConnection ()->GetCid () << ", SFID: "
                                                << serviceFlow->GetSfid () << ", bw requested: " << record->GetRequestedBandwidth () << ", bw granted: "
                                                << record->GetGrantedBandwidth ());

          record->UpdateGrantedBandwidth (allocSizeBytes);

          record->SetBwSinceLastExpiry (allocSizeBytes);

          if (serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetBacklogged () < allocSizeBytes)
            {
              serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->SetBacklogged (0);
            }
          else
            {
              serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->IncreaseBacklogged (-allocSizeBytes);
            }
          serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->SetLastGrantTime (Simulator::Now ());

          AddUplinkAllocation (ulMapIe, allocSizeSymbols, symbolsToAllocation, availableSymbols);
        }
      else
        {
          return false;
        }
    }
  return true;
}

void
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::AllocateInitialRangingInterval (uint32_t &symbolsToAllocation, uint32_t &availableSymbols)
{
  Time ssUlStartTime = Seconds (CalculateAllocationStartTime () * GetBs ()->GetPsDuration ().GetSeconds ());
  SetNrIrOppsAllocated (GetBs ()->GetLinkManager ()->CalculateRangingOppsToAllocate ());
  uint32_t allocationSize = GetNrIrOppsAllocated () * GetBs ()->GetRangReqOppSize ();
  Time timeSinceLastIrInterval = Simulator::Now () - GetTimeStampIrInterval ();

  // adding one frame because may be the time has not elapsed now but will elapse before the next frame is sent
  if (timeSinceLastIrInterval + GetBs ()->GetPhy ()->GetFrameDuration () > GetBs ()->GetInitialRangingInterval ()
      && availableSymbols >= allocationSize)
    {
      SetIsIrIntrvlAllocated (true);
      OfdmUlMapIe ulMapIeIr;
      ulMapIeIr.SetCid ((GetBs ()->GetBroadcastConnection ())->GetCid ());
      ulMapIeIr.SetStartTime (symbolsToAllocation);
      ulMapIeIr.SetUiuc (OfdmUlBurstProfile::UIUC_INITIAL_RANGING);

      NS_LOG_DEBUG ("BS uplink scheduler, initial ranging allocation, size: " << allocationSize << " symbols"
                                                                              << ", modulation: BPSK 1/2" );

      // marking start and end of each TO, only for debugging
      for (uint8_t i = 0; i < GetNrIrOppsAllocated (); i++)
        {
          GetBs ()->MarkRangingOppStart (ssUlStartTime + Seconds (symbolsToAllocation
                                                                  * GetBs ()->GetSymbolDuration ().GetSeconds ()) + Seconds (i * GetBs ()->GetRangReqOppSize ()
                                                                                                                             * GetBs ()->GetSymbolDuration ().GetSeconds ()));
        }

      AddUplinkAllocation (ulMapIeIr, allocationSize, symbolsToAllocation, availableSymbols);
      SetTimeStampIrInterval (Simulator::Now ());
    }
}

void
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::SetupServiceFlow (SSRecord *ssRecord, ServiceFlow *serviceFlow)
{
  uint8_t delayNrFrames = 1;
  uint32_t bitsPerSecond = serviceFlow->GetMinReservedTrafficRate ();
  WimaxPhy::ModulationType modulation;
  uint32_t bytesPerFrame =
    (uint32_t ((double)(bitsPerSecond) * GetBs ()->GetPhy ()->GetFrameDuration ().GetSeconds ())) / 8;
  uint32_t frameDurationMSec = GetBs ()->GetPhy ()->GetFrameDuration ().GetMilliSeconds ();

  switch (serviceFlow->GetSchedulingType ())
    {
    case ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_UGS:
      {
        if (serviceFlow->GetIsMulticast () == true)
          {
            modulation = serviceFlow->GetModulation ();
          }
        else
          {
            modulation = ssRecord->GetModulationType ();
          }
        uint32_t grantSize = GetBs ()->GetPhy ()->GetNrSymbols (bytesPerFrame, modulation);
        serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->SetGrantSize (grantSize);

        uint32_t toleratedJitter = serviceFlow->GetToleratedJitter ();

        if (toleratedJitter > frameDurationMSec)
          {
            delayNrFrames = (uint8_t)(toleratedJitter / frameDurationMSec);
          }

        uint16_t interval = delayNrFrames * frameDurationMSec;
        serviceFlow->SetUnsolicitedGrantInterval (interval);
      }
      break;
    case ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_RTPS:
      {
        serviceFlow->SetUnsolicitedPollingInterval (20);
      }
      break;
    case ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_NRTPS:
      {
        // no real-time guarantees are given to NRTPS, serviced based on available bandwidth
        uint16_t interval = 1000;
        serviceFlow->SetUnsolicitedPollingInterval (interval);
      }
      break;
    case ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_BE:
      {
        // no real-time guarantees are given to BE, serviced based on available bandwidth
      }
      break;
    default:
      NS_FATAL_ERROR ("Invalid scheduling type");
    }
}

uint32_t UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::GetPendingSize (ServiceFlow* serviceFlow)
{
  uint32_t size = 0;
  std::list<Ptr <PriorityUlJob> > priorityUlJobs;

  // for each request in the imermediate queue
  for (std::list<Ptr<UlJob> >::const_iterator iter = m_uplinkJobs_inter.begin (); iter
       != m_uplinkJobs_inter.end (); ++iter)
    {
      Ptr<UlJob> job = *iter;

      ServiceFlow *serviceFlowJob = job->GetServiceFlow ();

      if (serviceFlowJob == serviceFlow)
        {
          size += job->GetSize ();
        }
    }
  return size;
}

void
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::ProcessBandwidthRequest (const BandwidthRequestHeader &bwRequestHdr)
{
  // Enqueue requests for uplink scheduler.
  Ptr<UlJob> job = CreateObject <UlJob> ();
  Ptr<WimaxConnection> connection = GetBs ()->GetConnectionManager ()->GetConnection (bwRequestHdr.GetCid ());
  SSRecord *ssRecord = GetBs ()->GetSSManager ()->GetSSRecord (connection->GetCid ());
  ServiceFlow *serviceFlow = connection->GetServiceFlow ();

  uint32_t size = bwRequestHdr.GetBr ();
  uint32_t pendingSize = GetPendingSize (serviceFlow);

  if (size > pendingSize)
    {
      size -= pendingSize;
    }
  else
    {
      size = 0;
    }

  if (size == 0)
    {
      return;
    }


  Time deadline = DetermineDeadline (serviceFlow);
  Time currentTime = Simulator::Now ();
  Time period = deadline; // So that deadline is properly updated..

  NS_LOG_DEBUG ("At "<<Simulator::Now ().GetSeconds ()<<" at BS uplink scheduler, processing bandwidth request from." <<
                ssRecord->GetMacAddress () << " and sf " << serviceFlow->GetSchedulingType () <<" with deadline in " << deadline.GetSeconds () << " and size " << size << " aggreg size " << bwRequestHdr.GetBr ());

  // Record data in job
  job->SetSsRecord (ssRecord);
  job->SetServiceFlow (serviceFlow);
  job->SetSize (size);
  job->SetDeadline (deadline);
  job->SetReleaseTime (currentTime);
  job->SetSchedulingType (serviceFlow->GetSchedulingType ());
  job->SetPeriod (period);
  job->SetType (DATA);

  // Enqueue job in Uplink Scheduler
  switch (serviceFlow->GetSchedulingType ())
    {
    case ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_RTPS:
      EnqueueJob (UlJob::INTERMEDIATE, job);
      break;
    case ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_NRTPS:
      EnqueueJob (UlJob::INTERMEDIATE, job);
      break;
    case ServiceFlow::SF_TYPE_BE:
      EnqueueJob (UlJob::LOW, job);
      break;
    default:
      EnqueueJob (UlJob::LOW, job);
      break;
    }
}

/*
 * Calculate Deadline of requests according to QoS parameter
 * */
Time
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::DetermineDeadline (ServiceFlow *serviceFlow)
{
  uint32_t latency = serviceFlow->GetMaximumLatency ();
  Time lastGrantTime = serviceFlow->GetRecord ()->GetLastGrantTime ();
  Time deadline = MilliSeconds (latency) + lastGrantTime;
  return deadline;
}

void
UplinkSchedulerMBQoS::OnSetRequestedBandwidth (ServiceFlowRecord *sfr)
{
  // virtual function on UplinkScheduler
  // this is not necessary on this implementation
}

} // namespace ns3