ipv4-l3-click-protocol.cc

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//
// Copyright (c) 2006 Georgia Tech Research Corporation
//
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
//
// Author: George F. Riley <riley@ece.gatech.edu>
// Author: Lalith Suresh <suresh.lalith@gmail.com>
//
 
#include "ipv4-l3-click-protocol.h"
 
#include "ipv4-click-routing.h"
 
#include "ns3/arp-l3-protocol.h"
#include "ns3/ethernet-header.h"
#include "ns3/icmpv4-l4-protocol.h"
#include "ns3/ip-l4-protocol.h"
#include "ns3/ipv4-raw-socket-impl.h"
#include "ns3/llc-snap-header.h"
#include "ns3/loopback-net-device.h"
#include "ns3/net-device.h"
#include "ns3/node.h"
#include "ns3/object-vector.h"
#include "ns3/socket.h"
#include "ns3/uinteger.h"
 
namespace ns3
{
 
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE("Ipv4L3ClickProtocol");
 
const uint16_t Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::PROT_NUMBER = 0x0800;
 
NS_OBJECT_ENSURE_REGISTERED(Ipv4L3ClickProtocol);
 
TypeId
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::GetTypeId()
{
    static TypeId tid =
        TypeId("ns3::Ipv4L3ClickProtocol")
            .SetParent<Ipv4>()
            .AddConstructor<Ipv4L3ClickProtocol>()
            .SetGroupName("Click")
            .AddAttribute(
                "DefaultTtl",
                "The TTL value set by default on all outgoing packets generated on this node.",
                UintegerValue(64),
                MakeUintegerAccessor(&Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::m_defaultTtl),
                MakeUintegerChecker<uint8_t>())
            .AddAttribute("InterfaceList",
                          "The set of Ipv4 interfaces associated to this Ipv4 stack.",
                          ObjectVectorValue(),
                          MakeObjectVectorAccessor(&Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::m_interfaces),
                          MakeObjectVectorChecker<Ipv4Interface>());
    return tid;
}
 
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::Ipv4L3ClickProtocol()
    : m_identification(0)
{
}
 
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::~Ipv4L3ClickProtocol()
{
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::DoDispose()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    for (auto i = m_protocols.begin(); i != m_protocols.end(); ++i)
    {
        i->second = nullptr;
    }
    m_protocols.clear();
 
    for (auto i = m_interfaces.begin(); i != m_interfaces.end(); ++i)
    {
        *i = nullptr;
    }
    m_interfaces.clear();
    m_reverseInterfacesContainer.clear();
 
    m_sockets.clear();
    m_node = nullptr;
    m_routingProtocol = nullptr;
    Object::DoDispose();
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::NotifyNewAggregate()
{
    if (!m_node)
    {
        Ptr<Node> node = this->GetObject<Node>();
        // verify that it's a valid node and that
        // the node has not been set before
        if (node)
        {
            this->SetNode(node);
        }
    }
    Ipv4::NotifyNewAggregate();
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::SetRoutingProtocol(Ptr<Ipv4RoutingProtocol> routingProtocol)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    m_routingProtocol = routingProtocol;
    m_routingProtocol->SetIpv4(this);
}
 
Ptr<Ipv4RoutingProtocol>
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::GetRoutingProtocol() const
{
    return m_routingProtocol;
}
 
Ptr<Ipv4Interface>
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::GetInterface(uint32_t index) const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << index);
    if (index < m_interfaces.size())
    {
        return m_interfaces[index];
    }
    return nullptr;
}
 
uint32_t
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::GetNInterfaces() const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION_NOARGS();
    return m_interfaces.size();
}
 
int32_t
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::GetInterfaceForAddress(Ipv4Address address) const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << address);
 
    int32_t interface = 0;
    for (auto i = m_interfaces.begin(); i != m_interfaces.end(); i++, interface++)
    {
        for (uint32_t j = 0; j < (*i)->GetNAddresses(); j++)
        {
            if ((*i)->GetAddress(j).GetLocal() == address)
            {
                return interface;
            }
        }
    }
 
    return -1;
}
 
int32_t
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::GetInterfaceForPrefix(Ipv4Address address, Ipv4Mask mask) const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << address << mask);
 
    int32_t interface = 0;
    for (auto i = m_interfaces.begin(); i != m_interfaces.end(); i++, interface++)
    {
        for (uint32_t j = 0; j < (*i)->GetNAddresses(); j++)
        {
            if ((*i)->GetAddress(j).GetLocal().CombineMask(mask) == address.CombineMask(mask))
            {
                return interface;
            }
        }
    }
 
    return -1;
}
 
int32_t
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::GetInterfaceForDevice(Ptr<const NetDevice> device) const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << device->GetIfIndex());
 
    auto iter = m_reverseInterfacesContainer.find(device);
    if (iter != m_reverseInterfacesContainer.end())
    {
        return (*iter).second;
    }
 
    return -1;
}
 
bool
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::IsDestinationAddress(Ipv4Address address, uint32_t iif) const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << address << " " << iif);
 
    // First check the incoming interface for a unicast address match
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < GetNAddresses(iif); i++)
    {
        Ipv4InterfaceAddress iaddr = GetAddress(iif, i);
        if (address == iaddr.GetLocal())
        {
            NS_LOG_LOGIC("For me (destination " << address << " match)");
            return true;
        }
        if (address == iaddr.GetBroadcast())
        {
            NS_LOG_LOGIC("For me (interface broadcast address)");
            return true;
        }
    }
 
    if (address.IsMulticast())
    {
#ifdef NOTYET
        if (MulticastCheckGroup(iif, address))
#endif
        {
            NS_LOG_LOGIC("For me (Ipv4Addr multicast address");
            return true;
        }
    }
 
    if (address.IsBroadcast())
    {
        NS_LOG_LOGIC("For me (Ipv4Addr broadcast address)");
        return true;
    }
 
    if (!GetStrongEndSystemModel()) // Check other interfaces
    {
        for (uint32_t j = 0; j < GetNInterfaces(); j++)
        {
            if (j == uint32_t(iif))
            {
                continue;
            }
            for (uint32_t i = 0; i < GetNAddresses(j); i++)
            {
                Ipv4InterfaceAddress iaddr = GetAddress(j, i);
                if (address == iaddr.GetLocal())
                {
                    NS_LOG_LOGIC("For me (destination " << address
                                                        << " match) on another interface");
                    return true;
                }
                //  This is a small corner case:  match another interface's broadcast address
                if (address == iaddr.GetBroadcast())
                {
                    NS_LOG_LOGIC("For me (interface broadcast address on another interface)");
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return false;
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::SetIpForward(bool forward)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << forward);
    m_ipForward = forward;
    for (auto i = m_interfaces.begin(); i != m_interfaces.end(); i++)
    {
        (*i)->SetForwarding(forward);
    }
}
 
bool
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::GetIpForward() const
{
    return m_ipForward;
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::SetStrongEndSystemModel(bool model)
{
    m_strongEndSystemModel = model;
}
 
bool
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::GetStrongEndSystemModel() const
{
    return m_strongEndSystemModel;
}
 
Ptr<NetDevice>
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::GetNetDevice(uint32_t i)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << i);
    return GetInterface(i)->GetDevice();
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::SetDefaultTtl(uint8_t ttl)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION_NOARGS();
    m_defaultTtl = ttl;
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::SetupLoopback()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION_NOARGS();
 
    Ptr<Ipv4Interface> interface = CreateObject<Ipv4Interface>();
    Ptr<LoopbackNetDevice> device = nullptr;
    // First check whether an existing LoopbackNetDevice exists on the node
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < m_node->GetNDevices(); i++)
    {
        if ((device = DynamicCast<LoopbackNetDevice>(m_node->GetDevice(i))))
        {
            break;
        }
    }
    if (!device)
    {
        device = CreateObject<LoopbackNetDevice>();
        m_node->AddDevice(device);
    }
    interface->SetDevice(device);
    interface->SetNode(m_node);
    Ipv4InterfaceAddress ifaceAddr =
        Ipv4InterfaceAddress(Ipv4Address::GetLoopback(), Ipv4Mask::GetLoopback());
    interface->AddAddress(ifaceAddr);
    uint32_t index = AddIpv4Interface(interface);
    Ptr<Node> node = GetObject<Node>();
    node->RegisterProtocolHandler(MakeCallback(&Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::Receive, this),
                                  Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::PROT_NUMBER,
                                  device);
    interface->SetUp();
    if (m_routingProtocol)
    {
        m_routingProtocol->NotifyInterfaceUp(index);
    }
}
 
Ptr<Socket>
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::CreateRawSocket()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    Ptr<Ipv4RawSocketImpl> socket = CreateObject<Ipv4RawSocketImpl>();
    socket->SetNode(m_node);
    m_sockets.push_back(socket);
    return socket;
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::DeleteRawSocket(Ptr<Socket> socket)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << socket);
    for (auto i = m_sockets.begin(); i != m_sockets.end(); ++i)
    {
        if ((*i) == socket)
        {
            m_sockets.erase(i);
            return;
        }
    }
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::SetNode(Ptr<Node> node)
{
    m_node = node;
    // Add a LoopbackNetDevice if needed, and an Ipv4Interface on top of it
    SetupLoopback();
}
 
bool
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::AddAddress(uint32_t i, Ipv4InterfaceAddress address)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << i << address);
    Ptr<Ipv4Interface> interface = GetInterface(i);
    bool retVal = interface->AddAddress(address);
    if (m_routingProtocol)
    {
        m_routingProtocol->NotifyAddAddress(i, address);
    }
    return retVal;
}
 
Ipv4InterfaceAddress
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::GetAddress(uint32_t interfaceIndex, uint32_t addressIndex) const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << interfaceIndex << addressIndex);
    Ptr<Ipv4Interface> interface = GetInterface(interfaceIndex);
    return interface->GetAddress(addressIndex);
}
 
uint32_t
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::GetNAddresses(uint32_t interface) const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << interface);
    Ptr<Ipv4Interface> iface = GetInterface(interface);
    return iface->GetNAddresses();
}
 
bool
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::RemoveAddress(uint32_t i, uint32_t addressIndex)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << i << addressIndex);
    Ptr<Ipv4Interface> interface = GetInterface(i);
    Ipv4InterfaceAddress address = interface->RemoveAddress(addressIndex);
    if (address != Ipv4InterfaceAddress())
    {
        if (m_routingProtocol)
        {
            m_routingProtocol->NotifyRemoveAddress(i, address);
        }
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}
 
bool
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::RemoveAddress(uint32_t i, Ipv4Address address)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << i << address);
 
    if (address == Ipv4Address::GetLoopback())
    {
        NS_LOG_WARN("Cannot remove loopback address.");
        return false;
    }
    Ptr<Ipv4Interface> interface = GetInterface(i);
    Ipv4InterfaceAddress ifAddr = interface->RemoveAddress(address);
    if (ifAddr != Ipv4InterfaceAddress())
    {
        if (m_routingProtocol)
        {
            m_routingProtocol->NotifyRemoveAddress(i, ifAddr);
        }
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}
 
Ipv4Address
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::SourceAddressSelection(uint32_t interfaceIdx, Ipv4Address dest)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << interfaceIdx << " " << dest);
    if (GetNAddresses(interfaceIdx) == 1) // common case
    {
        return GetAddress(interfaceIdx, 0).GetLocal();
    }
    // no way to determine the scope of the destination, so adopt the
    // following rule:  pick the first available address (index 0) unless
    // a subsequent address is on link (in which case, pick the primary
    // address if there are multiple)
    Ipv4Address candidate = GetAddress(interfaceIdx, 0).GetLocal();
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < GetNAddresses(interfaceIdx); i++)
    {
        Ipv4InterfaceAddress test = GetAddress(interfaceIdx, i);
        if (test.GetLocal().CombineMask(test.GetMask()) == dest.CombineMask(test.GetMask()))
        {
            if (!test.IsSecondary())
            {
                return test.GetLocal();
            }
        }
    }
    return candidate;
}
 
Ipv4Address
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::SelectSourceAddress(Ptr<const NetDevice> device,
                                         Ipv4Address dst,
                                         Ipv4InterfaceAddress::InterfaceAddressScope_e scope)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(device << dst << scope);
    Ipv4Address addr("0.0.0.0");
    Ipv4InterfaceAddress iaddr;
    bool found = false;
 
    if (device)
    {
        int32_t i = GetInterfaceForDevice(device);
        NS_ASSERT_MSG(i >= 0, "No device found on node");
        for (uint32_t j = 0; j < GetNAddresses(i); j++)
        {
            iaddr = GetAddress(i, j);
            if (iaddr.IsSecondary())
            {
                continue;
            }
            if (iaddr.GetScope() > scope)
            {
                continue;
            }
            if (dst.CombineMask(iaddr.GetMask()) == iaddr.GetLocal().CombineMask(iaddr.GetMask()))
            {
                return iaddr.GetLocal();
            }
            if (!found)
            {
                addr = iaddr.GetLocal();
                found = true;
            }
        }
    }
    if (found)
    {
        return addr;
    }
 
    // Iterate among all interfaces
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < GetNInterfaces(); i++)
    {
        for (uint32_t j = 0; j < GetNAddresses(i); j++)
        {
            iaddr = GetAddress(i, j);
            if (iaddr.IsSecondary())
            {
                continue;
            }
            if (iaddr.GetScope() != Ipv4InterfaceAddress::LINK && iaddr.GetScope() <= scope)
            {
                return iaddr.GetLocal();
            }
        }
    }
    NS_LOG_WARN("Could not find source address for " << dst << " and scope " << scope
                                                     << ", returning 0");
    return addr;
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::SetMetric(uint32_t i, uint16_t metric)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(i << metric);
    Ptr<Ipv4Interface> interface = GetInterface(i);
    interface->SetMetric(metric);
}
 
uint16_t
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::GetMetric(uint32_t i) const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(i);
    Ptr<Ipv4Interface> interface = GetInterface(i);
    return interface->GetMetric();
}
 
uint16_t
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::GetMtu(uint32_t i) const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << i);
    Ptr<Ipv4Interface> interface = GetInterface(i);
    return interface->GetDevice()->GetMtu();
}
 
bool
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::IsUp(uint32_t i) const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << i);
    Ptr<Ipv4Interface> interface = GetInterface(i);
    return interface->IsUp();
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::SetUp(uint32_t i)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << i);
    Ptr<Ipv4Interface> interface = GetInterface(i);
    interface->SetUp();
 
    if (m_routingProtocol)
    {
        m_routingProtocol->NotifyInterfaceUp(i);
    }
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::SetDown(uint32_t ifaceIndex)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << ifaceIndex);
    Ptr<Ipv4Interface> interface = GetInterface(ifaceIndex);
    interface->SetDown();
 
    if (m_routingProtocol)
    {
        m_routingProtocol->NotifyInterfaceDown(ifaceIndex);
    }
}
 
bool
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::IsForwarding(uint32_t i) const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << i);
    Ptr<Ipv4Interface> interface = GetInterface(i);
    NS_LOG_LOGIC("Forwarding state: " << interface->IsForwarding());
    return interface->IsForwarding();
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::SetForwarding(uint32_t i, bool val)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << i);
    Ptr<Ipv4Interface> interface = GetInterface(i);
    interface->SetForwarding(val);
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::SetPromisc(uint32_t i)
{
    NS_ASSERT(i <= m_node->GetNDevices());
    Ptr<NetDevice> netdev = GetNetDevice(i);
    NS_ASSERT(netdev);
    Ptr<Node> node = GetObject<Node>();
    NS_ASSERT(node);
    node->RegisterProtocolHandler(MakeCallback(&Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::Receive, this),
                                  0,
                                  netdev,
                                  true);
}
 
uint32_t
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::AddInterface(Ptr<NetDevice> device)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << &device);
    Ptr<Node> node = GetObject<Node>();
    node->RegisterProtocolHandler(MakeCallback(&Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::Receive, this),
                                  Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::PROT_NUMBER,
                                  device);
    node->RegisterProtocolHandler(MakeCallback(&Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::Receive, this),
                                  ArpL3Protocol::PROT_NUMBER,
                                  device);
 
    Ptr<Ipv4Interface> interface = CreateObject<Ipv4Interface>();
    interface->SetNode(m_node);
    interface->SetDevice(device);
    interface->SetForwarding(m_ipForward);
    return AddIpv4Interface(interface);
}
 
uint32_t
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::AddIpv4Interface(Ptr<Ipv4Interface> interface)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << interface);
    uint32_t index = m_interfaces.size();
    m_interfaces.push_back(interface);
    m_reverseInterfacesContainer[interface->GetDevice()] = index;
    return index;
}
 
/// @todo when should we set ip_id?   check whether we are incrementing
/// m_identification on packets that may later be dropped in this stack
/// and whether that deviates from Linux
Ipv4Header
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::BuildHeader(Ipv4Address source,
                                 Ipv4Address destination,
                                 uint8_t protocol,
                                 uint16_t payloadSize,
                                 uint8_t ttl,
                                 bool mayFragment)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION_NOARGS();
    Ipv4Header ipHeader;
    ipHeader.SetSource(source);
    ipHeader.SetDestination(destination);
    ipHeader.SetProtocol(protocol);
    ipHeader.SetPayloadSize(payloadSize);
    ipHeader.SetTtl(ttl);
    if (mayFragment)
    {
        ipHeader.SetMayFragment();
        ipHeader.SetIdentification(m_identification);
        m_identification++;
    }
    else
    {
        ipHeader.SetDontFragment();
        // TBD:  set to zero here; will cause traces to change
        ipHeader.SetIdentification(m_identification);
        m_identification++;
    }
    if (Node::ChecksumEnabled())
    {
        ipHeader.EnableChecksum();
    }
    return ipHeader;
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::Send(Ptr<Packet> packet,
                          Ipv4Address source,
                          Ipv4Address destination,
                          uint8_t protocol,
                          Ptr<Ipv4Route> route)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << packet << source << destination << uint32_t(protocol) << route);
 
    Ipv4Header ipHeader;
    bool mayFragment = true;
    uint8_t ttl = m_defaultTtl;
    SocketIpTtlTag tag;
    bool found = packet->RemovePacketTag(tag);
    if (found)
    {
        ttl = tag.GetTtl();
    }
 
    ipHeader = BuildHeader(source, destination, protocol, packet->GetSize(), ttl, mayFragment);
    Ptr<Ipv4ClickRouting> click = DynamicCast<Ipv4ClickRouting>(m_routingProtocol);
    if (Node::ChecksumEnabled())
    {
        ipHeader.EnableChecksum();
    }
    packet->AddHeader(ipHeader);
    click->Send(packet->Copy(), source, destination);
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::SendWithHeader(Ptr<Packet> packet, Ipv4Header ipHeader, Ptr<Ipv4Route> route)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << packet << ipHeader << route);
 
    Ptr<Ipv4ClickRouting> click = DynamicCast<Ipv4ClickRouting>(m_routingProtocol);
    if (Node::ChecksumEnabled())
    {
        ipHeader.EnableChecksum();
    }
    packet->AddHeader(ipHeader);
    click->Send(packet->Copy(), ipHeader.GetSource(), ipHeader.GetDestination());
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::SendDown(Ptr<Packet> p, int ifid)
{
    // Called by Ipv4ClickRouting.
 
    // NetDevice::Send () attaches ethernet headers,
    // so the one that Click attaches isn't required
    // but we need the destination address and
    // protocol values from the header.
 
    Ptr<NetDevice> netdev = GetNetDevice(ifid);
 
    EthernetHeader header;
    p->RemoveHeader(header);
 
    uint16_t protocol;
 
    if (header.GetLengthType() <= 1500)
    {
        LlcSnapHeader llc;
        p->RemoveHeader(llc);
        protocol = llc.GetType();
    }
    else
    {
        protocol = header.GetLengthType();
    }
 
    // Use the destination address and protocol obtained
    // from above to send the packet.
    netdev->Send(p, header.GetDestination(), protocol);
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::Receive(Ptr<NetDevice> device,
                             Ptr<const Packet> p,
                             uint16_t protocol,
                             const Address& from,
                             const Address& to,
                             NetDevice::PacketType packetType)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << device << p << from << to);
 
    NS_LOG_LOGIC("Packet from " << from << " received on node " << m_node->GetId());
 
    // Forward packet to raw sockets, if any
    if (protocol == Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::PROT_NUMBER && !m_sockets.empty())
    {
        Ptr<Packet> packetForRawSocket = p->Copy();
        int32_t interface = GetInterfaceForDevice(device);
        NS_ASSERT_MSG(interface != -1,
                      "Received a packet from an interface that is not known to IPv4");
        Ptr<Ipv4Interface> ipv4Interface = m_interfaces[interface];
        if (!ipv4Interface->IsUp())
        {
            NS_LOG_LOGIC("Dropping received packet -- interface is down");
            return;
        }
 
        Ipv4Header ipHeader;
        if (Node::ChecksumEnabled())
        {
            ipHeader.EnableChecksum();
        }
        packetForRawSocket->RemoveHeader(ipHeader);
 
        for (auto i = m_sockets.begin(); i != m_sockets.end(); ++i)
        {
            NS_LOG_LOGIC("Forwarding to raw socket");
            Ptr<Ipv4RawSocketImpl> socket = *i;
            socket->ForwardUp(packetForRawSocket, ipHeader, ipv4Interface);
        }
    }
 
    Ptr<Packet> packet = p->Copy();
 
    // Add an ethernet frame. This allows
    // Click to work with csma and wifi
    EthernetHeader hdr;
    hdr.SetSource(Mac48Address::ConvertFrom(from));
    hdr.SetDestination(Mac48Address::ConvertFrom(to));
    hdr.SetLengthType(protocol);
    packet->AddHeader(hdr);
 
    Ptr<Ipv4ClickRouting> click = DynamicCast<Ipv4ClickRouting>(GetRoutingProtocol());
    click->Receive(packet->Copy(),
                   Mac48Address::ConvertFrom(device->GetAddress()),
                   Mac48Address::ConvertFrom(to));
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::LocalDeliver(Ptr<const Packet> packet, const Ipv4Header& ip, uint32_t iif)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << packet << &ip);
    Ptr<Packet> p = packet->Copy(); // need to pass a non-const packet up
 
    m_localDeliverTrace(ip, packet, iif);
 
    Ptr<IpL4Protocol> protocol = GetProtocol(ip.GetProtocol());
    if (protocol)
    {
        // we need to make a copy in the unlikely event we hit the
        // RX_ENDPOINT_UNREACH codepath
        Ptr<Packet> copy = p->Copy();
        IpL4Protocol::RxStatus status = protocol->Receive(p, ip, GetInterface(iif));
        switch (status)
        {
        case IpL4Protocol::RX_OK:
        // fall through
        case IpL4Protocol::RX_ENDPOINT_CLOSED:
        // fall through
        case IpL4Protocol::RX_CSUM_FAILED:
            break;
        case IpL4Protocol::RX_ENDPOINT_UNREACH:
            if (ip.GetDestination().IsBroadcast() || ip.GetDestination().IsMulticast())
            {
                break; // Do not reply to broadcast or multicast
            }
            // Another case to suppress ICMP is a subnet-directed broadcast
            bool subnetDirected = false;
            for (uint32_t i = 0; i < GetNAddresses(iif); i++)
            {
                Ipv4InterfaceAddress addr = GetAddress(iif, i);
                if (addr.GetLocal().CombineMask(addr.GetMask()) ==
                        ip.GetDestination().CombineMask(addr.GetMask()) &&
                    ip.GetDestination().IsSubnetDirectedBroadcast(addr.GetMask()))
                {
                    subnetDirected = true;
                }
            }
            if (!subnetDirected)
            {
                GetIcmp()->SendDestUnreachPort(ip, copy);
            }
        }
    }
}
 
Ptr<Icmpv4L4Protocol>
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::GetIcmp() const
{
    Ptr<IpL4Protocol> prot = GetProtocol(Icmpv4L4Protocol::GetStaticProtocolNumber());
    if (prot)
    {
        return prot->GetObject<Icmpv4L4Protocol>();
    }
    else
    {
        return nullptr;
    }
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::Insert(Ptr<IpL4Protocol> protocol)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << protocol);
    L4ListKey_t key = std::make_pair(protocol->GetProtocolNumber(), -1);
    if (m_protocols.find(key) != m_protocols.end())
    {
        NS_LOG_WARN("Overwriting default protocol " << int(protocol->GetProtocolNumber()));
    }
    m_protocols[key] = protocol;
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::Insert(Ptr<IpL4Protocol> protocol, uint32_t interfaceIndex)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << protocol << interfaceIndex);
 
    L4ListKey_t key = std::make_pair(protocol->GetProtocolNumber(), interfaceIndex);
    if (m_protocols.find(key) != m_protocols.end())
    {
        NS_LOG_WARN("Overwriting protocol " << int(protocol->GetProtocolNumber())
                                            << " on interface " << int(interfaceIndex));
    }
    m_protocols[key] = protocol;
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::Remove(Ptr<IpL4Protocol> protocol)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << protocol);
 
    L4ListKey_t key = std::make_pair(protocol->GetProtocolNumber(), -1);
    auto iter = m_protocols.find(key);
    if (iter == m_protocols.end())
    {
        NS_LOG_WARN("Trying to remove an non-existent default protocol "
                    << int(protocol->GetProtocolNumber()));
    }
    else
    {
        m_protocols.erase(key);
    }
}
 
void
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::Remove(Ptr<IpL4Protocol> protocol, uint32_t interfaceIndex)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << protocol << interfaceIndex);
 
    L4ListKey_t key = std::make_pair(protocol->GetProtocolNumber(), interfaceIndex);
    auto iter = m_protocols.find(key);
    if (iter == m_protocols.end())
    {
        NS_LOG_WARN("Trying to remove an non-existent protocol "
                    << int(protocol->GetProtocolNumber()) << " on interface "
                    << int(interfaceIndex));
    }
    else
    {
        m_protocols.erase(key);
    }
}
 
Ptr<IpL4Protocol>
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::GetProtocol(int protocolNumber) const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << protocolNumber);
 
    return GetProtocol(protocolNumber, -1);
}
 
Ptr<IpL4Protocol>
Ipv4L3ClickProtocol::GetProtocol(int protocolNumber, int32_t interfaceIndex) const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << protocolNumber << interfaceIndex);
 
    L4ListKey_t key;
    if (interfaceIndex >= 0)
    {
        // try the interface-specific protocol.
        key = std::make_pair(protocolNumber, interfaceIndex);
        auto i = m_protocols.find(key);
        if (i != m_protocols.end())
        {
            return i->second;
        }
    }
    // try the generic protocol.
    key = std::make_pair(protocolNumber, -1);
    auto i = m_protocols.find(key);
    if (i != m_protocols.end())
    {
        return i->second;
    }
 
    return nullptr;
}
 
} // namespace ns3