v4ping.cc

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/* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
/*
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation;
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 */

#include "v4ping.h"
#include "ns3/icmpv4.h"
#include "ns3/assert.h"
#include "ns3/log.h"
#include "ns3/ipv4-address.h"
#include "ns3/socket.h"
#include "ns3/uinteger.h"
#include "ns3/boolean.h"
#include "ns3/inet-socket-address.h"
#include "ns3/packet.h"
#include "ns3/trace-source-accessor.h"

namespace ns3 {

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("V4Ping");

NS_OBJECT_ENSURE_REGISTERED (V4Ping);

TypeId 
V4Ping::GetTypeId (void)
{
  static TypeId tid = TypeId ("ns3::V4Ping")
    .SetParent<Application> ()
    .SetGroupName("Internet-Apps")
    .AddConstructor<V4Ping> ()
    .AddAttribute ("Remote", 
                   "The address of the machine we want to ping.",
                   Ipv4AddressValue (),
                   MakeIpv4AddressAccessor (&V4Ping::m_remote),
                   MakeIpv4AddressChecker ())
    .AddAttribute ("Verbose",
                   "Produce usual output.",
                   BooleanValue (false),
                   MakeBooleanAccessor (&V4Ping::m_verbose),
                   MakeBooleanChecker ())
    .AddAttribute ("Interval", "Wait  interval  seconds between sending each packet.",
                   TimeValue (Seconds (1)),
                   MakeTimeAccessor (&V4Ping::m_interval),
                   MakeTimeChecker ())
    .AddAttribute ("Size", "The number of data bytes to be sent, real packet will be 8 (ICMP) + 20 (IP) bytes longer.",
                   UintegerValue (56),
                   MakeUintegerAccessor (&V4Ping::m_size),
                   MakeUintegerChecker<uint32_t> (16))
    .AddTraceSource ("Rtt",
                     "The rtt calculated by the ping.",
                     MakeTraceSourceAccessor (&V4Ping::m_traceRtt),
                     "ns3::Time::TracedCallback");
  ;
  return tid;
}

V4Ping::V4Ping ()
  : m_interval (Seconds (1)),
    m_size (56),
    m_socket (0),
    m_seq (0),
    m_verbose (false),
    m_recv (0)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
}
V4Ping::~V4Ping ()
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
}

void
V4Ping::DoDispose (void)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
  m_socket = 0;
  Application::DoDispose ();
}

uint32_t
V4Ping::GetApplicationId (void) const
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
  Ptr<Node> node = GetNode ();
  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < node->GetNApplications (); ++i)
    {
      if (node->GetApplication (i) == this)
        {
          return i;
        }
    }
  NS_ASSERT_MSG (false, "forgot to add application to node");
  return 0; // quiet compiler
}

void
V4Ping::Receive (Ptr<Socket> socket)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << socket);
  while (m_socket->GetRxAvailable () > 0)
    {
      Address from;
      Ptr<Packet> p = m_socket->RecvFrom (0xffffffff, 0, from);
      NS_LOG_DEBUG ("recv " << p->GetSize () << " bytes");
      NS_ASSERT (InetSocketAddress::IsMatchingType (from));
      InetSocketAddress realFrom = InetSocketAddress::ConvertFrom (from);
      NS_ASSERT (realFrom.GetPort () == 1); // protocol should be icmp.
      Ipv4Header ipv4;
      p->RemoveHeader (ipv4);
      uint32_t recvSize = p->GetSize ();
      NS_ASSERT (ipv4.GetProtocol () == 1); // protocol should be icmp.
      Icmpv4Header icmp;
      p->RemoveHeader (icmp);
      if (icmp.GetType () == Icmpv4Header::ECHO_REPLY)
        {
          Icmpv4Echo echo;
          p->RemoveHeader (echo);
          std::map<uint16_t, Time>::iterator i = m_sent.find (echo.GetSequenceNumber ());

          if (i != m_sent.end () && echo.GetIdentifier () == 0)
            {
              uint32_t * buf = new uint32_t [m_size];
              uint32_t dataSize = echo.GetDataSize ();
              uint32_t nodeId;
              uint32_t appId;
              if (dataSize == m_size)
                {
                  echo.GetData ((uint8_t *)buf);
                  Read32 ((const uint8_t *) &buf[0], nodeId);
                  Read32 ((const uint8_t *) &buf[1], appId);

                  if (nodeId == GetNode ()->GetId () &&
                      appId == GetApplicationId ())
                    {
                      Time sendTime = i->second;
                      NS_ASSERT (Simulator::Now () >= sendTime);
                      Time delta = Simulator::Now () - sendTime;

                      m_sent.erase (i);
                      m_avgRtt.Update (delta.GetMilliSeconds ());
                      m_recv++;
                      m_traceRtt (delta);

                      if (m_verbose)
                        {
                          std::cout << recvSize << " bytes from " << realFrom.GetIpv4 () << ":"
                                    << " icmp_seq=" << echo.GetSequenceNumber ()
                                    << " ttl=" << (unsigned)ipv4.GetTtl ()
                                    << " time=" << delta.GetMilliSeconds () << " ms\n";
                        }
                    }
                }
              delete[] buf;
            }
        }
    }
}

// Writes data to buffer in little-endian format; least significant byte
// of data is at lowest buffer address
void
V4Ping::Write32 (uint8_t *buffer, const uint32_t data)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << buffer << data);
  buffer[0] = (data >> 0) & 0xff;
  buffer[1] = (data >> 8) & 0xff;
  buffer[2] = (data >> 16) & 0xff;
  buffer[3] = (data >> 24) & 0xff;
}

// Writes data from a little-endian formatted buffer to data
void
V4Ping::Read32 (const uint8_t *buffer, uint32_t &data)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << buffer << data);
  data = (buffer[3] << 24) + (buffer[2] << 16) + (buffer[1] << 8) + buffer[0];
}

void 
V4Ping::Send ()
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);

  NS_LOG_INFO ("m_seq=" << m_seq);
  Ptr<Packet> p = Create<Packet> ();
  Icmpv4Echo echo;
  echo.SetSequenceNumber (m_seq);
  m_seq++;
  echo.SetIdentifier (0);

  //
  // We must write quantities out in some form of network order.  Since there
  // isn't an htonl to work with we just follow the convention in pcap traces
  // (where any difference would show up anyway) and borrow that code.  Don't
  // be too surprised when you see that this is a little endian convention.
  //
  uint8_t* data = new uint8_t[m_size];
  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < m_size; ++i) data[i] = 0;
  NS_ASSERT (m_size >= 16);

  uint32_t tmp = GetNode ()->GetId ();
  Write32 (&data[0 * sizeof(uint32_t)], tmp);

  tmp = GetApplicationId ();
  Write32 (&data[1 * sizeof(uint32_t)], tmp);

  Ptr<Packet> dataPacket = Create<Packet> ((uint8_t *) data, m_size);
  echo.SetData (dataPacket);
  p->AddHeader (echo);
  Icmpv4Header header;
  header.SetType (Icmpv4Header::ECHO);
  header.SetCode (0);
  if (Node::ChecksumEnabled ())
    {
      header.EnableChecksum ();
    }
  p->AddHeader (header);
  m_sent.insert (std::make_pair (m_seq - 1, Simulator::Now ()));
  m_socket->Send (p, 0);
  m_next = Simulator::Schedule (m_interval, &V4Ping::Send, this);
  delete[] data;
}

void 
V4Ping::StartApplication (void)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);

  m_started = Simulator::Now ();
  if (m_verbose)
    {
      std::cout << "PING  " << m_remote << " 56(84) bytes of data.\n";
    }

  m_socket = Socket::CreateSocket (GetNode (), TypeId::LookupByName ("ns3::Ipv4RawSocketFactory"));
  NS_ASSERT (m_socket != 0);
  m_socket->SetAttribute ("Protocol", UintegerValue (1)); // icmp
  m_socket->SetRecvCallback (MakeCallback (&V4Ping::Receive, this));
  InetSocketAddress src = InetSocketAddress (Ipv4Address::GetAny (), 0);
  int status;
  status = m_socket->Bind (src);
  NS_ASSERT (status != -1);
  InetSocketAddress dst = InetSocketAddress (m_remote, 0);
  status = m_socket->Connect (dst);
  NS_ASSERT (status != -1);

  Send ();
}
void 
V4Ping::StopApplication (void)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
  m_next.Cancel ();
  m_socket->Close ();

  if (m_verbose)
    {
      std::ostringstream os;
      os.precision (4);
      os << "--- " << m_remote << " ping statistics ---\n" 
         << m_seq << " packets transmitted, " << m_recv << " received, "
         << ((m_seq - m_recv) * 100 / m_seq) << "% packet loss, "
         << "time " << (Simulator::Now () - m_started).GetMilliSeconds () << "ms\n";

      if (m_avgRtt.Count () > 0)
        os << "rtt min/avg/max/mdev = " << m_avgRtt.Min () << "/" << m_avgRtt.Avg () << "/"
           << m_avgRtt.Max () << "/" << m_avgRtt.Stddev ()
           << " ms\n";
      std::cout << os.str ();
    }
}


} // namespace ns3