command-line.cc

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/* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2008 INRIA
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation;
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 * Authors: Mathieu Lacage <mathieu.lacage@sophia.inria.fr>
 */


#include "command-line.h"
#include "des-metrics.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "config.h"
#include "global-value.h"
#include "system-path.h"
#include "type-id.h"
#include "string.h"

#include <algorithm>  // transform
#include <cctype>     // tolower
#include <cstdlib>    // exit, getenv
#include <cstring>    // strlen
#include <iomanip>    // setw, boolalpha
#include <set>
#include <sstream>


namespace ns3 {

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("CommandLine");

CommandLine::CommandLine ()
  : m_NNonOptions (0),
    m_nonOptionCount (0),
    m_usage (),
    m_shortName ()
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
}
CommandLine::CommandLine (const std::string filename)
  : m_NNonOptions (0),
    m_nonOptionCount (0),
    m_usage ()
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << filename);
  std::string basename = SystemPath::Split (filename).back ();
  m_shortName = basename.substr (0, basename.rfind (".cc"));
}
  
CommandLine::CommandLine (const CommandLine &cmd)
{
  Copy (cmd);
}
CommandLine &
CommandLine::operator = (const CommandLine &cmd)
{
  Clear ();
  Copy (cmd);
  return *this;
}
CommandLine::~CommandLine ()
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
  Clear ();
}
void
CommandLine::Copy (const CommandLine &cmd)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (&cmd);

  std::copy (cmd.m_options.begin (), cmd.m_options.end (), m_options.end ());
  std::copy (cmd.m_nonOptions.begin (), cmd.m_nonOptions.end (), m_nonOptions.end ());

  m_NNonOptions = cmd.m_NNonOptions;
  m_nonOptionCount = 0;
  m_usage       = cmd.m_usage;
  m_shortName   = cmd.m_shortName;
}
void
CommandLine::Clear (void)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);

  for (auto i : m_options)
    {
      delete i;
    }
  for (auto i : m_nonOptions)
    {
      delete i;
    }
  m_options.clear ();
  m_nonOptions.clear ();
  m_NNonOptions = 0;
  m_usage       = "";
  m_shortName   = "";
}

void
CommandLine::Usage (const std::string usage)
{
  m_usage = usage;
}

std::string
CommandLine::GetName () const
{
  return m_shortName;
}

CommandLine::Item::~Item ()
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
}

void
CommandLine::Parse (std::vector<std::string> args)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << args.size () << args);

  PrintDoxygenUsage ();
  
  m_nonOptionCount = 0;

  if (args.size () > 0)
    {
      args.erase (args.begin ());  // discard the program name

      for (auto param : args)
        {
          if (HandleOption (param))
            {
              continue;
            }
          if (HandleNonOption (param))
            {
              continue;
            }

          // is this possible?
          NS_ASSERT_MSG (false,
                         "unexpected error parsing command line parameter: '"
                         << param << "'");

        }
    }

#ifdef ENABLE_DES_METRICS
  DesMetrics::Get ()->Initialize (args);
#endif

}

bool
CommandLine::HandleOption (const std::string & param) const
{
  // remove leading "--" or "-"
  std::string arg = param;
  std::string::size_type cur = arg.find ("--");
  if (cur == 0)
    {
      arg = arg.substr (2, arg.size () - 2);
    }
  else
    {
      cur = arg.find ("-");
      if (cur == 0)
        {
          arg = arg.substr (1, arg.size () - 1);
        }
      else
        {
          // non-option argument?
          return false;
        }
    }
  // find any value following '='
  cur = arg.find ("=");
  std::string name, value;
  if (cur == std::string::npos)
    {
      name = arg;
      value = "";
    }
  else
    {
      name = arg.substr (0, cur);
      value = arg.substr (cur + 1, arg.size () - (cur + 1));
    }
  HandleArgument (name, value);

  return true;
}

bool
CommandLine::HandleNonOption (const std::string &value)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << value);

  if (m_nonOptionCount == m_nonOptions.size ())
    {
      // Add an unspecified non-option as a string
      NS_LOG_LOGIC ("adding StringItem, NOCount:" << m_nonOptionCount
                                                  << ", NOSize:" << m_nonOptions.size ());
      StringItem * item = new StringItem;
      item->m_name = "extra-non-option-argument";
      item->m_help = "Extra non-option argument encountered.";
      item->m_value = value;
      m_nonOptions.push_back (item);
    }

  auto i = m_nonOptions[m_nonOptionCount];
  if (!i->Parse (value))
    {
      std::cerr << "Invalid non-option argument value "
                << value << " for " << i->m_name
                << std::endl;
      PrintHelp (std::cerr);
      std::exit (1);
    }
  ++m_nonOptionCount;
  return true;
}



void
CommandLine::Parse (int argc, char *argv[])
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << argc);
  std::vector<std::string> args (argv, argv + argc);
  Parse (args);
}

void
CommandLine::PrintHelp (std::ostream &os) const
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);

  // Hack to show just the declared non-options
  Items nonOptions (m_nonOptions.begin (),
                    m_nonOptions.begin () + m_NNonOptions);
  os << m_shortName
     << (m_options.size ()  ? " [Program Options]" : "")
     << (nonOptions.size () ? " [Program Arguments]" : "")
     << " [General Arguments]"
     << std::endl;

  if (m_usage.length ())
    {
      os << std::endl;
      os << m_usage << std::endl;
    }

  std::size_t width = 0;
  for (auto it : m_options)
    {
      width = std::max (width, it->m_name.size ());
    }
  for (auto it : nonOptions)
    {
      width = std::max (width, it->m_name.size ());
    }
  width += 3;  // room for ":  " between option and help

  if (!m_options.empty ())
    {
      os << std::endl;
      os << "Program Options:" << std::endl;
      for (auto i : m_options)
        {
          os << "    --"
             << std::left << std::setw (width) << ( i->m_name + ":")
             << std::right
             << i->m_help;

          if ( i->HasDefault ())
            {
              os << " [" << i->GetDefault () << "]";
            }
          os << std::endl;
        }
    }

  if (!nonOptions.empty ())
    {
      width += 2;  // account for "--" added above
      os << std::endl;
      os << "Program Arguments:" << std::endl;
      for (auto i : nonOptions)
        {
          os << "    "
             << std::left << std::setw (width) << ( i->m_name + ":")
             << std::right
             << i->m_help;

          if ( i->HasDefault ())
            {
              os << " [" << i->GetDefault () << "]";
            }
          os << std::endl;
        }
    }

  os << std::endl;
  os
    << "General Arguments:\n"
    << "    --PrintGlobals:              Print the list of globals.\n"
    << "    --PrintGroups:               Print the list of groups.\n"
    << "    --PrintGroup=[group]:        Print all TypeIds of group.\n"
    << "    --PrintTypeIds:              Print all TypeIds.\n"
    << "    --PrintAttributes=[typeid]:  Print all attributes of typeid.\n"
    << "    --PrintHelp:                 Print this help message.\n"
    << std::endl;
}

#include <unistd.h>  // getcwd

void
CommandLine::PrintDoxygenUsage (void) const
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);

  const char * envVar = std::getenv ("NS_COMMANDLINE_INTROSPECTION");
  if (envVar == 0 || std::strlen (envVar) == 0)
    {
      return;
    }
 
  if (m_shortName.size () == 0)
    {
      NS_FATAL_ERROR ("No file name on example-to-run; forgot to use CommandLine var (__FILE__)?");
      return;
    }

  // Hack to show just the declared non-options
  Items nonOptions (m_nonOptions.begin (),
                    m_nonOptions.begin () + m_NNonOptions);

  std::string outf = SystemPath::Append (std::string (envVar), m_shortName + ".command-line");
  
  NS_LOG_INFO ("Writing CommandLine doxy to " << outf);
  
  std::fstream os (outf, std::fstream::out);

  
  os << "/**\n \\file " << m_shortName << ".cc\n"
     << "<h3>Usage</h3>\n"
     << "<code>$ ./waf --run \"" << m_shortName
     << (m_options.size ()  ? " [Program Options]" : "")
     << (nonOptions.size () ? " [Program Arguments]" : "")
     << "\"</code>\n";
    
  if (m_usage.length ())
    {
      os << m_usage << std::endl;
    }

  if (!m_options.empty ())
    {
      os << std::endl;
      os << "<h3>Program Options</h3>\n"
         << "<dl>\n";
      for (auto i : m_options)
        {
          os << "  <dt>\\c --" << i->m_name << " </dt>\n"
             << "    <dd>" << i->m_help;

          if ( i->HasDefault ())
            {
              os << " [" << i->GetDefault () << "]";
            }
          os << " </dd>\n";
        }
      os << "</dl>\n";
    }

  if (!nonOptions.empty ())
    {
      os << std::endl;
      os << "<h3>Program Arguments</h3>\n"
         << "<dl>\n";
      for (auto i : nonOptions)
        {
          os << "  <dt> \\c " << i->m_name << " </dt>\n"
             << "    <dd>" << i->m_help;

          if ( i->HasDefault ())
            {
              os << " [" << i->GetDefault () << "]";
            }
          os << " </dd>\n";
        }
      os << "</dl>\n";
    }

  os << "*/" << std::endl;

  // All done, don't need to actually run the example
  os.close ();
  std::exit (0);
}

void
CommandLine::PrintGlobals (std::ostream &os) const
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);

  os << "Global values:" << std::endl;

  // Sort output
  std::vector<std::string> globals;

  for (GlobalValue::Iterator i = GlobalValue::Begin ();
       i != GlobalValue::End ();
       ++i)
    {
      std::stringstream ss;
      ss << "    --" << (*i)->GetName () << "=[";
      Ptr<const AttributeChecker> checker = (*i)->GetChecker ();
      StringValue v;
      (*i)->GetValue (v);
      ss << v.Get () << "]" << std::endl;
      ss << "        " << (*i)->GetHelp () << std::endl;
      globals.push_back (ss.str ());
    }
  std::sort (globals.begin (), globals.end ());
  for (std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator it = globals.begin ();
       it < globals.end ();
       ++it)
    {
      os << *it;
    }
}

void
CommandLine::PrintAttributes (std::ostream &os, const std::string &type) const
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);

  TypeId tid;
  if (!TypeId::LookupByNameFailSafe (type, &tid))
    {
      NS_FATAL_ERROR ("Unknown type=" << type << " in --PrintAttributes");
    }

  os << "Attributes for TypeId " << tid.GetName () << std::endl;

  // Sort output
  std::vector<std::string> attributes;

  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < tid.GetAttributeN (); ++i)
    {
      std::stringstream ss;
      ss << "    --" << tid.GetAttributeFullName (i) << "=[";
      struct TypeId::AttributeInformation info = tid.GetAttribute (i);
      ss << info.initialValue->SerializeToString (info.checker) << "]"
         << std::endl;
      ss << "        " << info.help << std::endl;
      attributes.push_back (ss.str ());
    }
  std::sort (attributes.begin (), attributes.end ());
  for (std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator it = attributes.begin ();
       it < attributes.end ();
       ++it)
    {
      os << *it;
    }
}


void
CommandLine::PrintGroup (std::ostream &os, const std::string &group) const
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);

  os << "TypeIds in group " << group << ":" << std::endl;

  // Sort output
  std::vector<std::string> groupTypes;

  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < TypeId::GetRegisteredN (); ++i)
    {
      std::stringstream ss;
      TypeId tid = TypeId::GetRegistered (i);
      if (tid.GetGroupName () == group)
        {
          ss << "    " << tid.GetName () << std::endl;
        }
      groupTypes.push_back (ss.str ());
    }
  std::sort (groupTypes.begin (), groupTypes.end ());
  for (std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator it = groupTypes.begin ();
       it < groupTypes.end ();
       ++it)
    {
      os << *it;
    }
}

void
CommandLine::PrintTypeIds (std::ostream &os) const
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
  os << "Registered TypeIds:" << std::endl;

  // Sort output
  std::vector<std::string> types;

  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < TypeId::GetRegisteredN (); ++i)
    {
      std::stringstream ss;
      TypeId tid = TypeId::GetRegistered (i);
      ss << "    " << tid.GetName () << std::endl;
      types.push_back (ss.str ());
    }
  std::sort (types.begin (), types.end ());
  for (std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator it = types.begin ();
       it < types.end ();
       ++it)
    {
      os << *it;
    }
}

void
CommandLine::PrintGroups (std::ostream &os) const
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);

  std::set<std::string> groups;
  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < TypeId::GetRegisteredN (); ++i)
    {
      TypeId tid = TypeId::GetRegistered (i);
      groups.insert (tid.GetGroupName ());
    }

  os << "Registered TypeId groups:" << std::endl;
  // Sets are already sorted
  for (std::set<std::string>::const_iterator k = groups.begin ();
       k != groups.end ();
       ++k)
    {
      os << "    " << *k << std::endl;
    }
}

void
CommandLine::HandleArgument (const std::string &name, const std::string &value) const
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << name << value);

  NS_LOG_DEBUG ("Handle arg name=" << name << " value=" << value);

  // Hard-coded options
  if (name == "PrintHelp" || name == "help")
    {
      // method below never returns.
      PrintHelp (std::cout);
      std::exit (0);
    }
  else if (name == "PrintGroups")
    {
      // method below never returns.
      PrintGroups (std::cout);
      std::exit (0);
    }
  else if (name == "PrintTypeIds")
    {
      // method below never returns.
      PrintTypeIds (std::cout);
      std::exit (0);
    }
  else if (name == "PrintGlobals")
    {
      // method below never returns.
      PrintGlobals (std::cout);
      std::exit (0);
    }
  else if (name == "PrintGroup")
    {
      // method below never returns.
      PrintGroup (std::cout, value);
      std::exit (0);
    }
  else if (name == "PrintAttributes")
    {
      // method below never returns.
      PrintAttributes (std::cout, value);
      std::exit (0);
    }
  else
    {
      for (auto i : m_options)
        {
          if (i->m_name == name)
            {
              if (!i->Parse (value))
                {
                  std::cerr << "Invalid argument value: "
                            << name << "=" << value << std::endl;
                  PrintHelp (std::cerr);
                  std::exit (1);
                }
              else
                {
                  return;
                }
            }
        }
    }
  // Global or ConfigPath options
  if (!Config::SetGlobalFailSafe (name, StringValue (value))
      && !Config::SetDefaultFailSafe (name, StringValue (value)))
    {
      std::cerr << "Invalid command-line arguments: --"
                << name << "=" << value << std::endl;
      PrintHelp (std::cerr);
      std::exit (1);
    }
}

bool
CommandLine::CallbackItem::HasDefault (void) const
{
  return m_default != "";
}

std::string
CommandLine::CallbackItem::GetDefault (void) const
{
  return m_default;
}

bool
CommandLine::CallbackItem::Parse (const std::string value)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
  NS_LOG_DEBUG ("CommandLine::CallbackItem::Parse \"" << value << "\"");
  return m_callback (value);
}

void
CommandLine::AddValue (const std::string &name,
                       const std::string &help,
                       ns3::Callback<bool, std::string> callback,
                       std::string defaultValue /* = "" */)

{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << &name << &help << &callback);
  CallbackItem *item = new CallbackItem ();
  item->m_name = name;
  item->m_help = help;
  item->m_callback = callback;
  item->m_default = defaultValue;
  m_options.push_back (item);
}

void
CommandLine::AddValue (const std::string &name,
                       const std::string &attributePath)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << name << attributePath);
  // Attribute name is last token
  std::size_t colon = attributePath.rfind ("::");
  const std::string typeName = attributePath.substr (0, colon);
  NS_LOG_DEBUG ("typeName: '" << typeName << "', colon: " << colon);

  TypeId tid;
  if (!TypeId::LookupByNameFailSafe (typeName, &tid))
    {
      NS_FATAL_ERROR ("Unknown type=" << typeName);
    }

  const std::string attrName = attributePath.substr (colon + 2);
  struct TypeId::AttributeInformation info;
  if (!tid.LookupAttributeByName (attrName, &info))
    {
      NS_FATAL_ERROR ("Attribute not found: " << attributePath);
    }

  std::stringstream ss;
  ss << info.help
     << " (" << attributePath << ") ["
     << info.initialValue->SerializeToString (info.checker) << "]";

  AddValue (name, ss.str (),
            MakeBoundCallback (CommandLine::HandleAttribute, attributePath));
}

std::string
CommandLine::GetExtraNonOption (std::size_t i) const
{
  std::string value;

  if (m_nonOptions.size () >= i + m_NNonOptions)
    {
      auto ip = dynamic_cast<StringItem *> (m_nonOptions[i + m_NNonOptions]);
      if (ip != NULL)
        {
          value = ip->m_value;
        }
    }
  return value;
}

std::size_t
CommandLine::GetNExtraNonOptions (void) const
{
  if (m_nonOptions.size () > m_NNonOptions)
    {
      return m_nonOptions.size () - m_NNonOptions;
    }
  else
    {
      return 0;
    }
}


/* static */
bool
CommandLine::HandleAttribute (const std::string name,
                              const std::string value)
{
  bool success = true;
  if (!Config::SetGlobalFailSafe (name, StringValue (value))
      && !Config::SetDefaultFailSafe (name, StringValue (value)))
    {
      success = false;
    }
  return success;
}


bool
CommandLine::Item::HasDefault () const
{
  return false;
}

std::string
CommandLine::Item::GetDefault () const
{
  return "";
}

bool
CommandLine::StringItem::Parse (const std::string value)
{
  m_value = value;
  return true;
}

bool
CommandLine::StringItem::HasDefault (void) const
{
  return false;
}

std::string
CommandLine::StringItem::GetDefault (void) const
{
  return "";
}

template <>
std::string
CommandLineHelper::GetDefault<bool> (const bool & val)
{
  std::ostringstream oss;
  oss << std::boolalpha << val;
  return oss.str ();
}

template <>
bool
CommandLineHelper::UserItemParse<bool> (const std::string value, bool & val)
{
  std::string src = value;
  std::transform (src.begin (), src.end (), src.begin (),
                  [](char c) {return static_cast<char> (std::tolower (c)); });
  if (src.length () == 0)
    {
      val = !val;
      return true;
    }
  else if ( (src == "true") || (src == "t") )
    {
      val = true;
      return true;
    }
  else if ( (src == "false") || (src == "f") )
    {
      val = false;
      return true;
    }
  else
    {
      std::istringstream iss;
      iss.str (src);
      iss >> val;
      return !iss.bad () && !iss.fail ();
    }
}

template <>
bool
CommandLineHelper::UserItemParse<uint8_t> (const std::string value, uint8_t & val)
{
  uint8_t oldVal = val;
  long newVal;

  try
    {
      newVal = std::stoi (value);
    }
  catch (std::invalid_argument & ia)
    {
      NS_LOG_WARN ("invalid argument: " << ia.what ());
      val = oldVal;
      return false;
    }
  catch (std::out_of_range & oor)
    {
      NS_LOG_WARN ("out of range: " << oor.what ());
      val = oldVal;
      return false;
    }
  if (newVal < 0 || newVal > 255)
    {
      return false;
    }
  val = newVal;
  return true;
}


std::ostream &
operator << (std::ostream & os, const CommandLine & cmd)
{
  cmd.PrintHelp (os);
  return os;
}

} // namespace ns3