spectrum-wifi-phy.cc

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/* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2005,2006 INRIA
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation;
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 * Authors: Mathieu Lacage <mathieu.lacage@sophia.inria.fr>
 *          Ghada Badawy <gbadawy@gmail.com>
 *          Sébastien Deronne <sebastien.deronne@gmail.com>
 *
 * Ported from yans-wifi-phy.cc by several contributors starting
 * with Nicola Baldo and Dean Armstrong
 */
 
#include "ns3/log.h"
#include "ns3/double.h"
#include "ns3/boolean.h"
#include "ns3/wifi-net-device.h"
#include "ns3/node.h"
#include "ns3/simulator.h"
#include "spectrum-wifi-phy.h"
#include "wifi-spectrum-phy-interface.h"
#include "wifi-spectrum-signal-parameters.h"
#include "wifi-utils.h"
#include "wifi-psdu.h"
 
namespace ns3 {
 
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("SpectrumWifiPhy");
 
NS_OBJECT_ENSURE_REGISTERED (SpectrumWifiPhy);
 
TypeId
SpectrumWifiPhy::GetTypeId (void)
{
  static TypeId tid = TypeId ("ns3::SpectrumWifiPhy")
    .SetParent<WifiPhy> ()
    .SetGroupName ("Wifi")
    .AddConstructor<SpectrumWifiPhy> ()
    .AddAttribute ("DisableWifiReception",
                   "Prevent Wi-Fi frame sync from ever happening",
                   BooleanValue (false),
                   MakeBooleanAccessor (&SpectrumWifiPhy::m_disableWifiReception),
                   MakeBooleanChecker ())
    .AddAttribute ("TxMaskInnerBandMinimumRejection",
                   "Minimum rejection (dBr) for the inner band of the transmit spectrum mask",
                   DoubleValue (-20.0),
                   MakeDoubleAccessor (&SpectrumWifiPhy::m_txMaskInnerBandMinimumRejection),
                   MakeDoubleChecker<double> ())
    .AddAttribute ("TxMaskOuterBandMinimumRejection",
                   "Minimum rejection (dBr) for the outer band of the transmit spectrum mask",
                   DoubleValue (-28.0),
                   MakeDoubleAccessor (&SpectrumWifiPhy::m_txMaskOuterBandMinimumRejection),
                   MakeDoubleChecker<double> ())
    .AddAttribute ("TxMaskOuterBandMaximumRejection",
                   "Maximum rejection (dBr) for the outer band of the transmit spectrum mask",
                   DoubleValue (-40.0),
                   MakeDoubleAccessor (&SpectrumWifiPhy::m_txMaskOuterBandMaximumRejection),
                   MakeDoubleChecker<double> ())
    .AddTraceSource ("SignalArrival",
                     "Signal arrival",
                     MakeTraceSourceAccessor (&SpectrumWifiPhy::m_signalCb),
                     "ns3::SpectrumWifiPhy::SignalArrivalCallback")
  ;
  return tid;
}
 
SpectrumWifiPhy::SpectrumWifiPhy ()
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
}
 
SpectrumWifiPhy::~SpectrumWifiPhy ()
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
}
 
void
SpectrumWifiPhy::DoDispose (void)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
  m_channel = 0;
  m_wifiSpectrumPhyInterface = 0;
  m_antenna = 0;
  m_rxSpectrumModel = 0;
  m_ruBands.clear ();
  WifiPhy::DoDispose ();
}
 
void
SpectrumWifiPhy::DoInitialize (void)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
  WifiPhy::DoInitialize ();
  // This connection is deferred until frequency and channel width are set
  if (m_channel && m_wifiSpectrumPhyInterface)
    {
      m_channel->AddRx (m_wifiSpectrumPhyInterface);
    }
  else
    {
      NS_FATAL_ERROR ("SpectrumWifiPhy misses channel and WifiSpectrumPhyInterface objects at initialization time");
    }
}
 
Ptr<const SpectrumModel>
SpectrumWifiPhy::GetRxSpectrumModel ()
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
  if (m_rxSpectrumModel)
    {
      return m_rxSpectrumModel;
    }
  else
    {
      if (GetFrequency () == 0)
        {
          NS_LOG_DEBUG ("Frequency is not set; returning 0");
          return 0;
        }
      else
        {
          uint16_t channelWidth = GetChannelWidth ();
          NS_LOG_DEBUG ("Creating spectrum model from frequency/width pair of (" << GetFrequency () << ", " << channelWidth << ")");
          m_rxSpectrumModel = WifiSpectrumValueHelper::GetSpectrumModel (GetFrequency (), channelWidth, GetBandBandwidth (), GetGuardBandwidth (channelWidth));
          UpdateInterferenceHelperBands ();
        }
    }
  return m_rxSpectrumModel;
}
 
void
SpectrumWifiPhy::UpdateInterferenceHelperBands (void)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
  uint16_t channelWidth = GetChannelWidth ();
  m_interference.RemoveBands ();
  if (channelWidth < 20)
    {
      WifiSpectrumBand band = GetBand (channelWidth);
      m_interference.AddBand (band);
    }
  else
    {
      for (uint16_t bw = 160; bw >= 20; bw = bw / 2)
        {
          for (uint8_t i = 0; i < (channelWidth / bw); ++i)
            {
              m_interference.AddBand (GetBand (bw, i));
            }
        }
    }
  if (GetStandard () >= WIFI_STANDARD_80211ax)
    {
      // For a given RU type, some RUs over a channel occupy the same tones as
      // the corresponding RUs over a subchannel, while some others not. For instance,
      // the first nine 26-tone RUs over an 80 MHz channel occupy the same tones as
      // the first nine 26-tone RUs over the lowest 40 MHz subchannel. Therefore, we
      // need to store all the bands in a set (which removes duplicates) and then
      // pass the elements in the set to AddBand (to which we cannot pass duplicates)
      if (m_ruBands[channelWidth].empty ())
        {
          for (uint16_t bw = 160; bw >= 20; bw = bw / 2)
            {
              for (uint8_t i = 0; i < (channelWidth / bw); ++i)
                {
                  for (unsigned int type = 0; type < 7; type++)
                    {
                      HeRu::RuType ruType = static_cast <HeRu::RuType> (type);
                      std::size_t nRus = HeRu::GetNRus (bw, ruType);
                      for (std::size_t phyIndex = 1; phyIndex <= nRus; phyIndex++)
                        {
                          HeRu::SubcarrierGroup group = HeRu::GetSubcarrierGroup (bw, ruType, phyIndex);
                          HeRu::SubcarrierRange range = std::make_pair (group.front ().first, group.back ().second);
                          WifiSpectrumBand band = ConvertHeRuSubcarriers (bw, GetGuardBandwidth (channelWidth),
                                                                          range, i);
                          std::size_t index = (bw == 160 && phyIndex > nRus / 2
                                               ? phyIndex - nRus / 2 : phyIndex);
                          bool primary80IsLower80 = (GetOperatingChannel ().GetPrimaryChannelIndex (20)
                                                     < bw / 40);
                          bool primary80 = (bw < 160
                                            || ruType == HeRu::RU_2x996_TONE
                                            || (primary80IsLower80 && phyIndex <= nRus / 2)
                                            || (!primary80IsLower80 && phyIndex > nRus / 2));
                          HeRu::RuSpec ru (ruType, index, primary80);
                          ru.SetPhyIndex (bw, GetOperatingChannel ().GetPrimaryChannelIndex (20));
                          NS_ABORT_IF (ru.GetPhyIndex () != phyIndex);
                          m_ruBands[channelWidth].insert ({band, ru});
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
      for (const auto& bandRuPair : m_ruBands[channelWidth])
        {
          m_interference.AddBand (bandRuPair.first);
        }
    }
}
 
Ptr<Channel>
SpectrumWifiPhy::GetChannel (void) const
{
  return m_channel;
}
 
void
SpectrumWifiPhy::SetChannel (const Ptr<SpectrumChannel> channel)
{
  m_channel = channel;
}
 
void
SpectrumWifiPhy::ResetSpectrumModel (void)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
  NS_ASSERT_MSG (IsInitialized (), "Executing method before run-time");
  uint16_t channelWidth = GetChannelWidth ();
  NS_LOG_DEBUG ("Run-time change of spectrum model from frequency/width pair of (" << GetFrequency () << ", " << channelWidth << ")");
  // Replace existing spectrum model with new one, and must call AddRx ()
  // on the SpectrumChannel to provide this new spectrum model to it
  m_rxSpectrumModel = WifiSpectrumValueHelper::GetSpectrumModel (GetFrequency (), channelWidth, GetBandBandwidth (), GetGuardBandwidth (channelWidth));
  m_channel->AddRx (m_wifiSpectrumPhyInterface);
  UpdateInterferenceHelperBands ();
}
 
void
SpectrumWifiPhy::DoChannelSwitch (void)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this);
  WifiPhy::DoChannelSwitch ();
  if (IsInitialized ())
    {
      ResetSpectrumModel ();
    }
}
 
void
SpectrumWifiPhy::StartRx (Ptr<SpectrumSignalParameters> rxParams)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << rxParams);
  Time rxDuration = rxParams->duration;
  Ptr<SpectrumValue> receivedSignalPsd = rxParams->psd;
  NS_LOG_DEBUG ("Received signal with PSD " << *receivedSignalPsd << " and duration " << rxDuration.As (Time::NS));
  uint32_t senderNodeId = 0;
  if (rxParams->txPhy)
    {
      senderNodeId = rxParams->txPhy->GetDevice ()->GetNode ()->GetId ();
    }
  NS_LOG_DEBUG ("Received signal from " << senderNodeId << " with unfiltered power " << WToDbm (Integral (*receivedSignalPsd)) << " dBm");
 
  // Integrate over our receive bandwidth (i.e., all that the receive
  // spectral mask representing our filtering allows) to find the
  // total energy apparent to the "demodulator".
  // This is done per 20 MHz channel band.
  uint16_t channelWidth = GetChannelWidth ();
  double totalRxPowerW = 0;
  RxPowerWattPerChannelBand rxPowerW;
 
  if ((channelWidth == 5) || (channelWidth == 10))
    {
      WifiSpectrumBand filteredBand = GetBand (channelWidth);
      double rxPowerPerBandW = WifiSpectrumValueHelper::GetBandPowerW (receivedSignalPsd, filteredBand);
      NS_LOG_DEBUG ("Signal power received (watts) before antenna gain: " << rxPowerPerBandW);
      rxPowerPerBandW *= DbToRatio (GetRxGain ());
      totalRxPowerW += rxPowerPerBandW;
      rxPowerW.insert ({filteredBand, rxPowerPerBandW});
      NS_LOG_DEBUG ("Signal power received after antenna gain for " << channelWidth << " MHz channel: " << rxPowerPerBandW << " W (" << WToDbm (rxPowerPerBandW) << " dBm)");
    }
 
  for (uint16_t bw = 160; bw > 20; bw = bw / 2) //20 MHz is handled apart since the totalRxPowerW is computed through it
    {
      for (uint8_t i = 0; i < (channelWidth / bw); i++)
        {
          NS_ASSERT (channelWidth >= bw);
          WifiSpectrumBand filteredBand = GetBand (bw, i);
          double rxPowerPerBandW = WifiSpectrumValueHelper::GetBandPowerW (receivedSignalPsd, filteredBand);
          NS_LOG_DEBUG ("Signal power received (watts) before antenna gain for " << bw << " MHz channel band " << +i << ": " << rxPowerPerBandW);
          rxPowerPerBandW *= DbToRatio (GetRxGain ());
          rxPowerW.insert ({filteredBand, rxPowerPerBandW});
          NS_LOG_DEBUG ("Signal power received after antenna gain for " << bw << " MHz channel band " << +i << ": " << rxPowerPerBandW << " W (" << WToDbm (rxPowerPerBandW) << " dBm)");
        }
    }
 
 
  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < (channelWidth / 20); i++)
    {
      WifiSpectrumBand filteredBand = GetBand (20, i);
      double rxPowerPerBandW = WifiSpectrumValueHelper::GetBandPowerW (receivedSignalPsd, filteredBand);
      NS_LOG_DEBUG ("Signal power received (watts) before antenna gain for 20 MHz channel band " << +i << ": " << rxPowerPerBandW);
      rxPowerPerBandW *= DbToRatio (GetRxGain ());
      totalRxPowerW += rxPowerPerBandW;
      rxPowerW.insert ({filteredBand, rxPowerPerBandW});
      NS_LOG_DEBUG ("Signal power received after antenna gain for 20 MHz channel band " << +i << ": " << rxPowerPerBandW << " W (" << WToDbm (rxPowerPerBandW) << " dBm)");
    }
 
  if (GetStandard () >= WIFI_STANDARD_80211ax)
    {
      NS_ASSERT (!m_ruBands[channelWidth].empty ());
      for (const auto& bandRuPair : m_ruBands[channelWidth])
        {
          double rxPowerPerBandW = WifiSpectrumValueHelper::GetBandPowerW (receivedSignalPsd, bandRuPair.first);
          NS_LOG_DEBUG ("Signal power received (watts) before antenna gain for RU with type " << bandRuPair.second.GetRuType () << " and index " << bandRuPair.second.GetIndex () << " -> (" << bandRuPair.first.first << "; " << bandRuPair.first.second <<  "): " << rxPowerPerBandW);
          rxPowerPerBandW *= DbToRatio (GetRxGain ());
          NS_LOG_DEBUG ("Signal power received after antenna gain for RU with type " << bandRuPair.second.GetRuType () << " and index " << bandRuPair.second.GetIndex () << " -> (" << bandRuPair.first.first << "; " << bandRuPair.first.second <<  "): " << rxPowerPerBandW << " W (" << WToDbm (rxPowerPerBandW) << " dBm)");
          rxPowerW.insert ({bandRuPair.first, rxPowerPerBandW});
        }
    }
 
  NS_LOG_DEBUG ("Total signal power received after antenna gain: " << totalRxPowerW << " W (" << WToDbm (totalRxPowerW) << " dBm)");
 
  Ptr<WifiSpectrumSignalParameters> wifiRxParams = DynamicCast<WifiSpectrumSignalParameters> (rxParams);
 
  // Log the signal arrival to the trace source
  m_signalCb (wifiRxParams, senderNodeId, WToDbm (totalRxPowerW), rxDuration);
 
  if (wifiRxParams == 0)
    {
      NS_LOG_INFO ("Received non Wi-Fi signal");
      m_interference.AddForeignSignal (rxDuration, rxPowerW);
      SwitchMaybeToCcaBusy (GetMeasurementChannelWidth (nullptr));
      return;
    }
  if (wifiRxParams && m_disableWifiReception)
    {
      NS_LOG_INFO ("Received Wi-Fi signal but blocked from syncing");
      m_interference.AddForeignSignal (rxDuration, rxPowerW);
      SwitchMaybeToCcaBusy (GetMeasurementChannelWidth (nullptr));
      return;
    }
  // Do no further processing if signal is too weak
  // Current implementation assumes constant RX power over the PPDU duration
  // Compare received TX power per MHz to normalized RX sensitivity
  uint16_t txWidth = wifiRxParams->ppdu->GetTransmissionChannelWidth ();
  if (totalRxPowerW < DbmToW (GetRxSensitivity ()) * (txWidth / 20.0))
    {
      NS_LOG_INFO ("Received signal too weak to process: " << WToDbm (totalRxPowerW) << " dBm");
      m_interference.Add (wifiRxParams->ppdu, wifiRxParams->ppdu->GetTxVector (), rxDuration,
                          rxPowerW);
      SwitchMaybeToCcaBusy (GetMeasurementChannelWidth (wifiRxParams->ppdu));
      return;
    }
 
  // Unless we are receiving a TB PPDU, do not sync with this signal if the PPDU
  // does not overlap with the receiver's primary20 channel
  if (wifiRxParams->txPhy != 0)
    {
      // if the channel width is a multiple of 20 MHz, then we consider the primary20 channel
      uint16_t width = (GetChannelWidth () % 20 == 0 ? 20 : GetChannelWidth ());
      uint16_t p20MinFreq =
          GetOperatingChannel ().GetPrimaryChannelCenterFrequency (width) - width / 2;
      uint16_t p20MaxFreq =
          GetOperatingChannel ().GetPrimaryChannelCenterFrequency (width) + width / 2;
 
      if (!wifiRxParams->ppdu->CanBeReceived (wifiRxParams->txCenterFreq, p20MinFreq, p20MaxFreq))
        {
          NS_LOG_INFO ("Cannot receive the PPDU, consider it as interference");
          m_interference.Add (wifiRxParams->ppdu, wifiRxParams->ppdu->GetTxVector (),
                              rxDuration, rxPowerW);
          SwitchMaybeToCcaBusy (GetMeasurementChannelWidth (wifiRxParams->ppdu));
          return;
        }
    }
 
  NS_LOG_INFO ("Received Wi-Fi signal");
  Ptr<WifiPpdu> ppdu = wifiRxParams->ppdu->Copy ();
  StartReceivePreamble (ppdu, rxPowerW, rxDuration);
}
 
Ptr<Object>
SpectrumWifiPhy::GetAntenna (void) const
{
  return m_antenna;
}
 
void
SpectrumWifiPhy::SetAntenna (const Ptr<AntennaModel> a)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << a);
  m_antenna = a;
}
 
void
SpectrumWifiPhy::CreateWifiSpectrumPhyInterface (Ptr<NetDevice> device)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << device);
  m_wifiSpectrumPhyInterface = CreateObject<WifiSpectrumPhyInterface> ();
  m_wifiSpectrumPhyInterface->SetSpectrumWifiPhy (this);
  m_wifiSpectrumPhyInterface->SetDevice (device);
}
 
void
SpectrumWifiPhy::StartTx (Ptr<WifiPpdu> ppdu)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << ppdu);
  GetPhyEntity (ppdu->GetModulation ())->StartTx (ppdu);
}
 
void
SpectrumWifiPhy::Transmit (Ptr<WifiSpectrumSignalParameters> txParams)
{
  NS_LOG_FUNCTION (this << txParams);
 
  //Finish configuration
  NS_ASSERT_MSG (m_wifiSpectrumPhyInterface, "SpectrumPhy() is not set; maybe forgot to call CreateWifiSpectrumPhyInterface?");
  txParams->txPhy = m_wifiSpectrumPhyInterface->GetObject<SpectrumPhy> ();
  txParams->txAntenna = m_antenna;
 
  m_channel->StartTx (txParams);
}
 
uint32_t
SpectrumWifiPhy::GetBandBandwidth (void) const
{
  uint32_t bandBandwidth = 0;
  switch (GetStandard ())
    {
    case WIFI_STANDARD_80211a:
    case WIFI_STANDARD_80211g:
    case WIFI_STANDARD_80211b:
    case WIFI_STANDARD_80211n:
    case WIFI_STANDARD_80211ac:
      // Use OFDM subcarrier width of 312.5 KHz as band granularity
      bandBandwidth = 312500;
      break;
    case WIFI_STANDARD_80211p:
      if (GetChannelWidth () == 5)
        {
          // Use OFDM subcarrier width of 78.125 KHz as band granularity
          bandBandwidth = 78125;
        }
      else
        {
          // Use OFDM subcarrier width of 156.25 KHz as band granularity
          bandBandwidth = 156250;
        }
      break;
    case WIFI_STANDARD_80211ax:
      // Use OFDM subcarrier width of 78.125 KHz as band granularity
      bandBandwidth = 78125;
      break;
    default:
      NS_FATAL_ERROR ("Standard unknown: " << GetStandard ());
      break;
    }
  return bandBandwidth;
}
 
uint16_t
SpectrumWifiPhy::GetGuardBandwidth (uint16_t currentChannelWidth) const
{
  uint16_t guardBandwidth = 0;
  if (currentChannelWidth == 22)
    {
      //handle case of DSSS transmission
      guardBandwidth = 10;
    }
  else
    {
      //In order to properly model out of band transmissions for OFDM, the guard
      //band has been configured so as to expand the modeled spectrum up to the
      //outermost referenced point in "Transmit spectrum mask" sections' PSDs of
      //each PHY specification of 802.11-2016 standard. It thus ultimately corresponds
      //to the currently considered channel bandwidth (which can be different from
      //supported channel width).
      guardBandwidth = currentChannelWidth;
    }
  return guardBandwidth;
}
 
WifiSpectrumBand
SpectrumWifiPhy::GetBand (uint16_t bandWidth, uint8_t bandIndex)
{
  uint16_t channelWidth = GetChannelWidth ();
  uint32_t bandBandwidth = GetBandBandwidth ();
  size_t numBandsInChannel = static_cast<size_t> (channelWidth * 1e6 / bandBandwidth);
  size_t numBandsInBand = static_cast<size_t> (bandWidth * 1e6 / bandBandwidth);
  if (numBandsInBand % 2 == 0)
    {
      numBandsInChannel += 1; // symmetry around center frequency
    }
  size_t totalNumBands = GetRxSpectrumModel ()->GetNumBands ();
  NS_ASSERT_MSG ((numBandsInChannel % 2 == 1) && (totalNumBands % 2 == 1), "Should have odd number of bands");
  NS_ASSERT_MSG ((bandIndex * bandWidth) < channelWidth, "Band index is out of bound");
  WifiSpectrumBand band;
  band.first = ((totalNumBands - numBandsInChannel) / 2) + (bandIndex * numBandsInBand);
  if (band.first >= totalNumBands / 2)
    {
      //step past DC
      band.first += 1;
    }
  band.second = band.first + numBandsInBand - 1;
  return band;
}
 
WifiSpectrumBand
SpectrumWifiPhy::ConvertHeRuSubcarriers (uint16_t bandWidth, uint16_t guardBandwidth,
                                         HeRu::SubcarrierRange range, uint8_t bandIndex) const
{
  WifiSpectrumBand convertedSubcarriers;
  uint32_t nGuardBands = static_cast<uint32_t> (((2 * guardBandwidth * 1e6) / GetBandBandwidth ()) + 0.5);
  uint32_t centerFrequencyIndex = 0;
  switch (bandWidth)
    {
    case 20:
      centerFrequencyIndex = (nGuardBands / 2) + 6 + 122;
      break;
    case 40:
      centerFrequencyIndex = (nGuardBands / 2) + 12 + 244;
      break;
    case 80:
      centerFrequencyIndex = (nGuardBands / 2) + 12 + 500;
      break;
    case 160:
      centerFrequencyIndex = (nGuardBands / 2) + 12 + 1012;
      break;
    default:
      NS_FATAL_ERROR ("ChannelWidth " << bandWidth << " unsupported");
      break;
    }
 
  size_t numBandsInBand = static_cast<size_t> (bandWidth * 1e6 / GetBandBandwidth ());
  centerFrequencyIndex += numBandsInBand * bandIndex;
 
  convertedSubcarriers.first = centerFrequencyIndex + range.first;
  convertedSubcarriers.second = centerFrequencyIndex + range.second;
  return convertedSubcarriers;
}
 
std::tuple<double, double, double>
SpectrumWifiPhy::GetTxMaskRejectionParams (void) const
{
  return std::make_tuple (m_txMaskInnerBandMinimumRejection,
                          m_txMaskOuterBandMinimumRejection,
                          m_txMaskOuterBandMaximumRejection);
}
 
} //namespace ns3