pcap-file.cc

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/*
 * Copyright (c) 2009 University of Washington
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 *
 * Author:  Craig Dowell (craigdo@ee.washington.edu)
 */
 
#include "pcap-file.h"
 
#include "ns3/assert.h"
#include "ns3/buffer.h"
#include "ns3/build-profile.h"
#include "ns3/fatal-error.h"
#include "ns3/fatal-impl.h"
#include "ns3/header.h"
#include "ns3/log.h"
#include "ns3/packet.h"
 
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
 
//
// This file is used as part of the ns-3 test framework, so please refrain from
// adding any ns-3 specific constructs such as Packet to this file.
//
 
namespace ns3
{
 
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE("PcapFile");
 
const uint32_t MAGIC = 0xa1b2c3d4; /**< Magic number identifying standard pcap file format */
const uint32_t SWAPPED_MAGIC = 0xd4c3b2a1; /**< Looks this way if byte swapping is required */
 
const uint32_t NS_MAGIC =
    0xa1b23c4d; /**< Magic number identifying nanosec resolution pcap file format */
const uint32_t NS_SWAPPED_MAGIC = 0x4d3cb2a1; /**< Looks this way if byte swapping is required */
 
const uint16_t VERSION_MAJOR = 2; /**< Major version of supported pcap file format */
const uint16_t VERSION_MINOR = 4; /**< Minor version of supported pcap file format */
 
PcapFile::PcapFile()
    : m_file(),
      m_swapMode(false),
      m_nanosecMode(false)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    FatalImpl::RegisterStream(&m_file);
}
 
PcapFile::~PcapFile()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    FatalImpl::UnregisterStream(&m_file);
    Close();
}
 
bool
PcapFile::Fail() const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    return m_file.fail();
}
 
bool
PcapFile::Eof() const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    return m_file.eof();
}
 
void
PcapFile::Clear()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    m_file.clear();
}
 
void
PcapFile::Close()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    m_file.close();
}
 
uint32_t
PcapFile::GetMagic()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    return m_fileHeader.m_magicNumber;
}
 
uint16_t
PcapFile::GetVersionMajor()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    return m_fileHeader.m_versionMajor;
}
 
uint16_t
PcapFile::GetVersionMinor()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    return m_fileHeader.m_versionMinor;
}
 
int32_t
PcapFile::GetTimeZoneOffset()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    return m_fileHeader.m_zone;
}
 
uint32_t
PcapFile::GetSigFigs()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    return m_fileHeader.m_sigFigs;
}
 
uint32_t
PcapFile::GetSnapLen()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    return m_fileHeader.m_snapLen;
}
 
uint32_t
PcapFile::GetDataLinkType()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    return m_fileHeader.m_type;
}
 
bool
PcapFile::GetSwapMode()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    return m_swapMode;
}
 
bool
PcapFile::IsNanoSecMode()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    return m_nanosecMode;
}
 
uint8_t
PcapFile::Swap(uint8_t val)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << static_cast<uint32_t>(val));
    return val;
}
 
uint16_t
PcapFile::Swap(uint16_t val)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << val);
    return ((val >> 8) & 0x00ff) | ((val << 8) & 0xff00);
}
 
uint32_t
PcapFile::Swap(uint32_t val)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << val);
    return ((val >> 24) & 0x000000ff) | ((val >> 8) & 0x0000ff00) | ((val << 8) & 0x00ff0000) |
           ((val << 24) & 0xff000000);
}
 
void
PcapFile::Swap(PcapFileHeader* from, PcapFileHeader* to)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << from << to);
    to->m_magicNumber = Swap(from->m_magicNumber);
    to->m_versionMajor = Swap(from->m_versionMajor);
    to->m_versionMinor = Swap(from->m_versionMinor);
    to->m_zone = Swap(uint32_t(from->m_zone));
    to->m_sigFigs = Swap(from->m_sigFigs);
    to->m_snapLen = Swap(from->m_snapLen);
    to->m_type = Swap(from->m_type);
}
 
void
PcapFile::Swap(PcapRecordHeader* from, PcapRecordHeader* to)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << from << to);
    to->m_tsSec = Swap(from->m_tsSec);
    to->m_tsUsec = Swap(from->m_tsUsec);
    to->m_inclLen = Swap(from->m_inclLen);
    to->m_origLen = Swap(from->m_origLen);
}
 
void
PcapFile::WriteFileHeader()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    //
    // If we're initializing the file, we need to write the pcap file header
    // at the start of the file.
    //
    m_file.seekp(0, std::ios::beg);
 
    //
    // We have the ability to write out the pcap file header in a foreign endian
    // format, so we need a temp place to swap on the way out.
    //
    PcapFileHeader header;
 
    //
    // the pointer headerOut selects either the swapped or non-swapped version of
    // the pcap file header.
    //
    PcapFileHeader* headerOut = nullptr;
 
    if (!m_swapMode)
    {
        headerOut = &m_fileHeader;
    }
    else
    {
        Swap(&m_fileHeader, &header);
        headerOut = &header;
    }
 
    //
    // Watch out for memory alignment differences between machines, so write
    // them all individually.
    //
    m_file.write((const char*)&headerOut->m_magicNumber, sizeof(headerOut->m_magicNumber));
    m_file.write((const char*)&headerOut->m_versionMajor, sizeof(headerOut->m_versionMajor));
    m_file.write((const char*)&headerOut->m_versionMinor, sizeof(headerOut->m_versionMinor));
    m_file.write((const char*)&headerOut->m_zone, sizeof(headerOut->m_zone));
    m_file.write((const char*)&headerOut->m_sigFigs, sizeof(headerOut->m_sigFigs));
    m_file.write((const char*)&headerOut->m_snapLen, sizeof(headerOut->m_snapLen));
    m_file.write((const char*)&headerOut->m_type, sizeof(headerOut->m_type));
}
 
void
PcapFile::ReadAndVerifyFileHeader()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    //
    // Pcap file header is always at the start of the file
    //
    m_file.seekg(0, std::ios::beg);
 
    //
    // Watch out for memory alignment differences between machines, so read
    // them all individually.
    //
    m_file.read((char*)&m_fileHeader.m_magicNumber, sizeof(m_fileHeader.m_magicNumber));
    m_file.read((char*)&m_fileHeader.m_versionMajor, sizeof(m_fileHeader.m_versionMajor));
    m_file.read((char*)&m_fileHeader.m_versionMinor, sizeof(m_fileHeader.m_versionMinor));
    m_file.read((char*)&m_fileHeader.m_zone, sizeof(m_fileHeader.m_zone));
    m_file.read((char*)&m_fileHeader.m_sigFigs, sizeof(m_fileHeader.m_sigFigs));
    m_file.read((char*)&m_fileHeader.m_snapLen, sizeof(m_fileHeader.m_snapLen));
    m_file.read((char*)&m_fileHeader.m_type, sizeof(m_fileHeader.m_type));
 
    if (m_file.fail())
    {
        return;
    }
 
    //
    // There are four possible magic numbers that can be there.  Normal and byte
    // swapped versions of the standard magic number, and normal and byte swapped
    // versions of the magic number indicating nanosecond resolution timestamps.
    //
    if (m_fileHeader.m_magicNumber != MAGIC && m_fileHeader.m_magicNumber != SWAPPED_MAGIC &&
        m_fileHeader.m_magicNumber != NS_MAGIC && m_fileHeader.m_magicNumber != NS_SWAPPED_MAGIC)
    {
        m_file.setstate(std::ios::failbit);
    }
 
    //
    // If the magic number is swapped, then we can assume that everything else we read
    // is swapped.
    //
    m_swapMode = (m_fileHeader.m_magicNumber == SWAPPED_MAGIC ||
                  m_fileHeader.m_magicNumber == NS_SWAPPED_MAGIC);
 
    if (m_swapMode)
    {
        Swap(&m_fileHeader, &m_fileHeader);
    }
 
    //
    // Timestamps can either be microsecond or nanosecond
    //
    m_nanosecMode = ((m_fileHeader.m_magicNumber == NS_MAGIC) ||
                     (m_fileHeader.m_magicNumber == NS_SWAPPED_MAGIC));
 
    //
    // We only deal with one version of the pcap file format.
    //
    if (m_fileHeader.m_versionMajor != VERSION_MAJOR ||
        m_fileHeader.m_versionMinor != VERSION_MINOR)
    {
        m_file.setstate(std::ios::failbit);
    }
 
    //
    // A quick test of reasonablness for the time zone offset corresponding to
    // a real place on the planet.
    //
    if (m_fileHeader.m_zone < -12 || m_fileHeader.m_zone > 12)
    {
        m_file.setstate(std::ios::failbit);
    }
 
    if (m_file.fail())
    {
        m_file.close();
    }
}
 
void
PcapFile::Open(const std::string& filename, std::ios::openmode mode)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << filename << mode);
    NS_ASSERT((mode & std::ios::app) == 0);
    NS_ASSERT(!m_file.fail());
    //
    // All pcap files are binary files, so we just do this automatically.
    //
    mode |= std::ios::binary;
 
    m_filename = filename;
    m_file.open(filename, mode);
    if (mode & std::ios::in)
    {
        // will set the fail bit if file header is invalid.
        ReadAndVerifyFileHeader();
    }
}
 
void
PcapFile::Init(uint32_t dataLinkType,
               uint32_t snapLen,
               int32_t timeZoneCorrection,
               bool swapMode,
               bool nanosecMode)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << dataLinkType << snapLen << timeZoneCorrection << swapMode);
 
    //
    // Initialize the magic number and nanosecond mode flag
    //
    m_nanosecMode = nanosecMode;
    if (nanosecMode)
    {
        m_fileHeader.m_magicNumber = NS_MAGIC;
    }
    else
    {
        m_fileHeader.m_magicNumber = MAGIC;
    }
 
    //
    // Initialize remainder of the in-memory file header.
    //
    m_fileHeader.m_versionMajor = VERSION_MAJOR;
    m_fileHeader.m_versionMinor = VERSION_MINOR;
    m_fileHeader.m_zone = timeZoneCorrection;
    m_fileHeader.m_sigFigs = 0;
    m_fileHeader.m_snapLen = snapLen;
    m_fileHeader.m_type = dataLinkType;
 
    //
    // We use pcap files for regression testing.  We do byte-for-byte comparisons
    // in those tests to determine pass or fail.  If we allow big endian systems
    // to write big endian headers, they will end up byte-swapped and the
    // regression tests will fail.  Until we get rid of the regression tests, we
    // have to pick an endianness and stick with it.  The precedent is little
    // endian, so we set swap mode if required to pick little endian.
    //
    // We do want to allow a user or test suite to enable swapmode irrespective
    // of what we decide here, so we allow setting swapmode from formal parameter
    // as well.
    //
    // So, determine the endianness of the running system.
    //
    union {
        uint32_t a;
        uint8_t b[4];
    } u;
 
    u.a = 1;
    bool bigEndian = u.b[3];
 
    //
    // And set swap mode if requested or we are on a big-endian system.
    //
    m_swapMode = swapMode || bigEndian;
 
    WriteFileHeader();
}
 
uint32_t
PcapFile::WritePacketHeader(uint32_t tsSec, uint32_t tsUsec, uint32_t totalLen)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << tsSec << tsUsec << totalLen);
    NS_ASSERT(m_file.good());
 
    uint32_t inclLen = totalLen > m_fileHeader.m_snapLen ? m_fileHeader.m_snapLen : totalLen;
 
    PcapRecordHeader header;
    header.m_tsSec = tsSec;
    header.m_tsUsec = tsUsec;
    header.m_inclLen = inclLen;
    header.m_origLen = totalLen;
 
    if (m_swapMode)
    {
        Swap(&header, &header);
    }
 
    //
    // Watch out for memory alignment differences between machines, so write
    // them all individually.
    //
    m_file.write((const char*)&header.m_tsSec, sizeof(header.m_tsSec));
    m_file.write((const char*)&header.m_tsUsec, sizeof(header.m_tsUsec));
    m_file.write((const char*)&header.m_inclLen, sizeof(header.m_inclLen));
    m_file.write((const char*)&header.m_origLen, sizeof(header.m_origLen));
    NS_BUILD_DEBUG(m_file.flush());
    return inclLen;
}
 
void
PcapFile::Write(uint32_t tsSec, uint32_t tsUsec, const uint8_t* const data, uint32_t totalLen)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << tsSec << tsUsec << &data << totalLen);
    uint32_t inclLen = WritePacketHeader(tsSec, tsUsec, totalLen);
    m_file.write((const char*)data, inclLen);
    NS_BUILD_DEBUG(m_file.flush());
}
 
void
PcapFile::Write(uint32_t tsSec, uint32_t tsUsec, Ptr<const Packet> p)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << tsSec << tsUsec << p);
    uint32_t inclLen = WritePacketHeader(tsSec, tsUsec, p->GetSize());
    p->CopyData(&m_file, inclLen);
    NS_BUILD_DEBUG(m_file.flush());
}
 
void
PcapFile::Write(uint32_t tsSec, uint32_t tsUsec, const Header& header, Ptr<const Packet> p)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << tsSec << tsUsec << &header << p);
    uint32_t headerSize = header.GetSerializedSize();
    uint32_t totalSize = headerSize + p->GetSize();
    uint32_t inclLen = WritePacketHeader(tsSec, tsUsec, totalSize);
 
    Buffer headerBuffer;
    headerBuffer.AddAtStart(headerSize);
    header.Serialize(headerBuffer.Begin());
    uint32_t toCopy = std::min(headerSize, inclLen);
    headerBuffer.CopyData(&m_file, toCopy);
    inclLen -= toCopy;
    p->CopyData(&m_file, inclLen);
}
 
void
PcapFile::Read(uint8_t* const data,
               uint32_t maxBytes,
               uint32_t& tsSec,
               uint32_t& tsUsec,
               uint32_t& inclLen,
               uint32_t& origLen,
               uint32_t& readLen)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << &data << maxBytes << tsSec << tsUsec << inclLen << origLen << readLen);
    NS_ASSERT(m_file.good());
 
    PcapRecordHeader header;
 
    //
    // Watch out for memory alignment differences between machines, so read
    // them all individually.
    //
    m_file.read((char*)&header.m_tsSec, sizeof(header.m_tsSec));
    m_file.read((char*)&header.m_tsUsec, sizeof(header.m_tsUsec));
    m_file.read((char*)&header.m_inclLen, sizeof(header.m_inclLen));
    m_file.read((char*)&header.m_origLen, sizeof(header.m_origLen));
 
    if (m_file.fail())
    {
        return;
    }
 
    if (m_swapMode)
    {
        Swap(&header, &header);
    }
 
    tsSec = header.m_tsSec;
    tsUsec = header.m_tsUsec;
    inclLen = header.m_inclLen;
    origLen = header.m_origLen;
 
    //
    // We don't always want to force the client to keep a maximum length buffer
    // around so we allow her to specify a minimum number of bytes to read.
    // Usually 64 bytes is enough information to print all of the headers, so
    // it isn't typically necessary to read all thousand bytes of an echo packet,
    // for example, to figure out what is going on.
    //
    readLen = maxBytes < header.m_inclLen ? maxBytes : header.m_inclLen;
    m_file.read((char*)data, readLen);
 
    //
    // To keep the file pointer pointed in the right place, however, we always
    // need to account for the entire packet as stored originally.
    //
    if (readLen < header.m_inclLen)
    {
        m_file.seekg(header.m_inclLen - readLen, std::ios::cur);
    }
}
 
bool
PcapFile::Diff(const std::string& f1,
               const std::string& f2,
               uint32_t& sec,
               uint32_t& usec,
               uint32_t& packets,
               uint32_t snapLen)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(f1 << f2 << sec << usec << snapLen);
    PcapFile pcap1;
    PcapFile pcap2;
    pcap1.Open(f1, std::ios::in);
    pcap2.Open(f2, std::ios::in);
    bool bad = pcap1.Fail() || pcap2.Fail();
    if (bad)
    {
        return true;
    }
 
    auto data1 = new uint8_t[snapLen]();
    auto data2 = new uint8_t[snapLen]();
    uint32_t tsSec1 = 0;
    uint32_t tsSec2 = 0;
    uint32_t tsUsec1 = 0;
    uint32_t tsUsec2 = 0;
    uint32_t inclLen1 = 0;
    uint32_t inclLen2 = 0;
    uint32_t origLen1 = 0;
    uint32_t origLen2 = 0;
    uint32_t readLen1 = 0;
    uint32_t readLen2 = 0;
    bool diff = false;
 
    while (!pcap1.Eof() && !pcap2.Eof())
    {
        pcap1.Read(data1, snapLen, tsSec1, tsUsec1, inclLen1, origLen1, readLen1);
        pcap2.Read(data2, snapLen, tsSec2, tsUsec2, inclLen2, origLen2, readLen2);
 
        bool same = pcap1.Fail() == pcap2.Fail();
        if (!same)
        {
            diff = true;
            break;
        }
        if (pcap1.Eof())
        {
            break;
        }
 
        ++packets;
 
        if (tsSec1 != tsSec2 || tsUsec1 != tsUsec2)
        {
            diff = true; // Next packet timestamps do not match
            break;
        }
 
        if (readLen1 != readLen2)
        {
            diff = true; // Packet lengths do not match
            break;
        }
 
        if (std::memcmp(data1, data2, readLen1) != 0)
        {
            diff = true; // Packet data do not match
            break;
        }
    }
    sec = tsSec1;
    usec = tsUsec1;
 
    bad = pcap1.Fail() || pcap2.Fail();
    bool eof = pcap1.Eof() && pcap2.Eof();
    if (bad && !eof)
    {
        diff = true;
    }
 
    delete[] data1;
    delete[] data2;
 
    return diff;
}
 
} // namespace ns3