dhcp-server.cc

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/*
 * Copyright (c) 2011 UPB
 * Copyright (c) 2017 NITK Surathkal
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 *
 * Author: Radu Lupu <rlupu@elcom.pub.ro>
 *         Ankit Deepak <adadeepak8@gmail.com>
 *         Deepti Rajagopal <deeptir96@gmail.com>
 *
 */
 
#include "dhcp-server.h"
 
#include "dhcp-header.h"
 
#include "ns3/assert.h"
#include "ns3/ipv4-packet-info-tag.h"
#include "ns3/ipv4.h"
#include "ns3/log.h"
#include "ns3/nstime.h"
#include "ns3/packet.h"
#include "ns3/simulator.h"
#include "ns3/socket.h"
 
#include <algorithm>
#include <limits>
 
namespace ns3
{
 
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE("DhcpServer");
NS_OBJECT_ENSURE_REGISTERED(DhcpServer);
 
TypeId
DhcpServer::GetTypeId()
{
    static TypeId tid = TypeId("ns3::DhcpServer")
                            .SetParent<Application>()
                            .AddConstructor<DhcpServer>()
                            .SetGroupName("Internet-Apps")
                            .AddAttribute("LeaseTime",
                                          "Lease for which address will be leased.",
                                          TimeValue(Seconds(30)),
                                          MakeTimeAccessor(&DhcpServer::m_lease),
                                          MakeTimeChecker())
                            .AddAttribute("RenewTime",
                                          "Time after which client should renew.",
                                          TimeValue(Seconds(15)),
                                          MakeTimeAccessor(&DhcpServer::m_renew),
                                          MakeTimeChecker())
                            .AddAttribute("RebindTime",
                                          "Time after which client should rebind.",
                                          TimeValue(Seconds(25)),
                                          MakeTimeAccessor(&DhcpServer::m_rebind),
                                          MakeTimeChecker())
                            .AddAttribute("PoolAddresses",
                                          "Pool of addresses to provide on request.",
                                          Ipv4AddressValue(),
                                          MakeIpv4AddressAccessor(&DhcpServer::m_poolAddress),
                                          MakeIpv4AddressChecker())
                            .AddAttribute("FirstAddress",
                                          "The First valid address that can be given.",
                                          Ipv4AddressValue(),
                                          MakeIpv4AddressAccessor(&DhcpServer::m_minAddress),
                                          MakeIpv4AddressChecker())
                            .AddAttribute("LastAddress",
                                          "The Last valid address that can be given.",
                                          Ipv4AddressValue(),
                                          MakeIpv4AddressAccessor(&DhcpServer::m_maxAddress),
                                          MakeIpv4AddressChecker())
                            .AddAttribute("PoolMask",
                                          "Mask of the pool of addresses.",
                                          Ipv4MaskValue(),
                                          MakeIpv4MaskAccessor(&DhcpServer::m_poolMask),
                                          MakeIpv4MaskChecker())
                            .AddAttribute("Gateway",
                                          "Address of default gateway",
                                          Ipv4AddressValue(),
                                          MakeIpv4AddressAccessor(&DhcpServer::m_gateway),
                                          MakeIpv4AddressChecker());
    return tid;
}
 
DhcpServer::DhcpServer()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
}
 
DhcpServer::~DhcpServer()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
}
 
void
DhcpServer::DoDispose()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    Application::DoDispose();
}
 
void
DhcpServer::StartApplication()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
 
    NS_ASSERT_MSG(m_minAddress < m_maxAddress, "Invalid Address range");
 
    Ipv4Address myOwnAddress;
 
    if (m_socket)
    {
        NS_ABORT_MSG("DHCP daemon is not (yet) meant to be started twice or more.");
    }
 
    uint32_t addrIndex;
 
    // add the DHCP local address to the leased addresses list, if it is defined!
    Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4 = GetNode()->GetObject<Ipv4>();
    int32_t ifIndex = ipv4->GetInterfaceForPrefix(m_poolAddress, m_poolMask);
 
    if (ifIndex < 0)
    {
        NS_ABORT_MSG("DHCP daemon must be run on the same subnet it is assigning the addresses.");
    }
 
    for (addrIndex = 0; addrIndex < ipv4->GetNAddresses(ifIndex); addrIndex++)
    {
        if (ipv4->GetAddress(ifIndex, addrIndex).GetLocal().CombineMask(m_poolMask) ==
                m_poolAddress &&
            ipv4->GetAddress(ifIndex, addrIndex).GetLocal().Get() >= m_minAddress.Get() &&
            ipv4->GetAddress(ifIndex, addrIndex).GetLocal().Get() <= m_maxAddress.Get())
        {
            // set infinite GRANTED_LEASED_TIME for my address
 
            myOwnAddress = ipv4->GetAddress(ifIndex, addrIndex).GetLocal();
            DhcpChaddr null = {};
            m_leasedAddresses[null] = std::make_pair(myOwnAddress, PERMANENT_LEASE);
            break;
        }
    }
 
    TypeId tid = TypeId::LookupByName("ns3::UdpSocketFactory");
    m_socket = Socket::CreateSocket(GetNode(), tid);
    InetSocketAddress local = InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address::GetAny(), PORT);
    m_socket->SetAllowBroadcast(true);
    m_socket->BindToNetDevice(ipv4->GetNetDevice(ifIndex));
    m_socket->Bind(local);
    m_socket->SetRecvPktInfo(true);
 
    uint32_t range = m_maxAddress.Get() - m_minAddress.Get() + 1;
    for (uint32_t searchSeq = 0; searchSeq < range; searchSeq++)
    {
        Ipv4Address poolAddress(m_minAddress.Get() + searchSeq);
        if (poolAddress != myOwnAddress)
        {
            NS_LOG_LOGIC("Adding " << poolAddress << " to the pool");
            m_availableAddresses.push_back(poolAddress);
        }
    }
 
    m_socket->SetRecvCallback(MakeCallback(&DhcpServer::NetHandler, this));
    m_expiredEvent = Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(1), &DhcpServer::TimerHandler, this);
}
 
void
DhcpServer::StopApplication()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
 
    if (m_socket)
    {
        m_socket->SetRecvCallback(MakeNullCallback<void, Ptr<Socket>>());
    }
 
    m_leasedAddresses.clear();
    m_expiredEvent.Cancel();
}
 
void
DhcpServer::TimerHandler()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
 
    // Set up timeout events and release of unsolicited addresses from the list
    for (auto [k, v] : m_leasedAddresses)
    {
        // update the address state
        if (v.second != PERMANENT_LEASE && v.second != 0)
        {
            v.second--;
            if (v.second == 0)
            {
                NS_LOG_INFO("Address leased state expired, address removed - "
                            << "chaddr: " << DhcpChaddrToString(k) << " IP address " << v.first);
                v.second = 0;
                m_expiredAddresses.push_front(k);
            }
        }
    }
    m_expiredEvent = Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(1), &DhcpServer::TimerHandler, this);
}
 
void
DhcpServer::NetHandler(Ptr<Socket> socket)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << socket);
 
    DhcpHeader header;
    Ptr<Packet> packet = nullptr;
    Address from;
    packet = m_socket->RecvFrom(from);
 
    InetSocketAddress senderAddr = InetSocketAddress::ConvertFrom(from);
 
    Ipv4PacketInfoTag interfaceInfo;
    if (!packet->RemovePacketTag(interfaceInfo))
    {
        NS_ABORT_MSG("No incoming interface on DHCP message, aborting.");
    }
    uint32_t incomingIf = interfaceInfo.GetRecvIf();
    Ptr<NetDevice> iDev = GetNode()->GetDevice(incomingIf);
 
    if (packet->RemoveHeader(header) == 0)
    {
        return;
    }
    if (header.GetType() == DhcpHeader::DHCPDISCOVER)
    {
        SendOffer(iDev, header, senderAddr);
    }
    if (header.GetType() == DhcpHeader::DHCPREQ && (header.GetReq()).Get() >= m_minAddress.Get() &&
        (header.GetReq()).Get() <= m_maxAddress.Get())
    {
        SendAck(iDev, header, senderAddr);
    }
}
 
void
DhcpServer::SendOffer(Ptr<NetDevice> iDev, DhcpHeader header, InetSocketAddress from)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << iDev << header << from);
 
    DhcpHeader newDhcpHeader;
    DhcpChaddr sourceChaddr = header.GetChaddr();
    uint32_t tran = header.GetTran();
    Ptr<Packet> packet = nullptr;
    Ipv4Address offeredAddress;
 
    NS_LOG_INFO("DHCP DISCOVER from: " << from.GetIpv4() << " source port: " << from.GetPort());
 
    auto iter = m_leasedAddresses.find(sourceChaddr);
    if (iter != m_leasedAddresses.end())
    {
        // We know this client from some time ago
        if (m_leasedAddresses[sourceChaddr].second != 0 &&
            m_leasedAddresses[sourceChaddr].second != PERMANENT_LEASE)
        {
            NS_LOG_LOGIC("This client is sending a DISCOVER but it has still a lease active - "
                         "perhaps it didn't shut down gracefully: "
                         << DhcpChaddrToString(sourceChaddr));
        }
 
        m_expiredAddresses.remove(sourceChaddr);
        offeredAddress = m_leasedAddresses[sourceChaddr].first;
    }
    else
    {
        // No previous record of the client, we must find a suitable address and create a record.
        if (!m_availableAddresses.empty())
        {
            // use an address never used before (if there is one)
            offeredAddress = m_availableAddresses.front();
            m_availableAddresses.pop_front();
        }
        else
        {
            // there's still hope: reuse the old ones.
            if (!m_expiredAddresses.empty())
            {
                DhcpChaddr oldestChaddr = m_expiredAddresses.back();
                m_expiredAddresses.pop_back();
                offeredAddress = m_leasedAddresses[oldestChaddr].first;
                m_leasedAddresses.erase(oldestChaddr);
            }
        }
    }
 
    if (offeredAddress != Ipv4Address())
    {
        m_leasedAddresses[sourceChaddr] = std::make_pair(offeredAddress, m_lease.GetSeconds());
 
        packet = Create<Packet>();
        newDhcpHeader.ResetOpt();
        newDhcpHeader.SetType(DhcpHeader::DHCPOFFER);
        newDhcpHeader.SetChaddr(sourceChaddr);
        newDhcpHeader.SetYiaddr(offeredAddress);
 
        Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4 = GetNode()->GetObject<Ipv4>();
        Ipv4Address myAddress =
            ipv4->SelectSourceAddress(iDev,
                                      offeredAddress,
                                      Ipv4InterfaceAddress::InterfaceAddressScope_e::GLOBAL);
 
        newDhcpHeader.SetDhcps(myAddress);
        newDhcpHeader.SetMask(m_poolMask.Get());
        newDhcpHeader.SetTran(tran);
        newDhcpHeader.SetLease(m_lease.GetSeconds());
        newDhcpHeader.SetRenew(m_renew.GetSeconds());
        newDhcpHeader.SetRebind(m_rebind.GetSeconds());
        newDhcpHeader.SetTime();
        if (m_gateway != Ipv4Address())
        {
            newDhcpHeader.SetRouter(m_gateway);
        }
        packet->AddHeader(newDhcpHeader);
 
        if ((m_socket->SendTo(packet,
                              0,
                              InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address("255.255.255.255"), from.GetPort()))) >=
            0)
        {
            NS_LOG_INFO("DHCP OFFER Offered Address: " << offeredAddress);
        }
        else
        {
            NS_LOG_INFO("Error while sending DHCP OFFER");
        }
    }
}
 
void
DhcpServer::SendAck(Ptr<NetDevice> iDev, DhcpHeader header, InetSocketAddress from)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << iDev << header << from);
 
    DhcpHeader newDhcpHeader;
    DhcpChaddr sourceChaddr = header.GetChaddr();
    uint32_t tran = header.GetTran();
    Ptr<Packet> packet = nullptr;
    Ipv4Address address = header.GetReq();
 
    NS_LOG_INFO("DHCP REQUEST from: " << from.GetIpv4() << " source port: " << from.GetPort()
                                      << " - refreshed addr: " << address);
 
    auto iter = m_leasedAddresses.find(sourceChaddr);
    if (iter != m_leasedAddresses.end())
    {
        // update the lease time of this address - send ACK
        (iter->second.second) += m_lease.GetSeconds();
        packet = Create<Packet>();
        newDhcpHeader.ResetOpt();
        newDhcpHeader.SetType(DhcpHeader::DHCPACK);
        newDhcpHeader.SetChaddr(sourceChaddr);
        newDhcpHeader.SetYiaddr(address);
        newDhcpHeader.SetTran(tran);
        newDhcpHeader.SetTime();
        packet->AddHeader(newDhcpHeader);
        if (from.GetIpv4() != address)
        {
            m_socket->SendTo(packet,
                             0,
                             InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address("255.255.255.255"), from.GetPort()));
        }
        else
        {
            m_socket->SendTo(packet, 0, from);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        // Deleted or expired lease - send NACK
        packet = Create<Packet>();
        newDhcpHeader.ResetOpt();
        newDhcpHeader.SetType(DhcpHeader::DHCPNACK);
        newDhcpHeader.SetChaddr(sourceChaddr);
        newDhcpHeader.SetYiaddr(address);
        newDhcpHeader.SetTran(tran);
        newDhcpHeader.SetTime();
        packet->AddHeader(newDhcpHeader);
        if (from.GetIpv4() != address)
        {
            m_socket->SendTo(packet,
                             0,
                             InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address("255.255.255.255"), from.GetPort()));
        }
        else
        {
            m_socket->SendTo(packet, 0, from);
        }
        NS_LOG_INFO("IP addr does not exists or released!");
    }
}
 
void
DhcpServer::AddStaticDhcpEntry(Address macAddr, Ipv4Address addr)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << macAddr << addr);
    DhcpChaddr chAddr{};
 
    NS_ASSERT_MSG(addr.Get() >= m_minAddress.Get() && addr.Get() <= m_maxAddress.Get(),
                  "Required address is not in the pool " << addr << " is not in [" << m_minAddress
                                                         << ", " << m_maxAddress << "]");
    NS_ASSERT_MSG(macAddr.GetLength() <= 16,
                  "DHCP server can not handle a chaddr larger than 16 bytes");
    macAddr.CopyTo(chAddr.data());
 
    NS_ASSERT_MSG(m_leasedAddresses.find(chAddr) == m_leasedAddresses.end(),
                  "Client has already an active lease: " << m_leasedAddresses[chAddr].first);
 
    auto it = find(m_availableAddresses.begin(), m_availableAddresses.end(), addr);
    NS_ASSERT_MSG(
        it == m_availableAddresses.end(),
        "Required address is not available (perhaps it has been already assigned): " << addr);
 
    m_availableAddresses.remove(addr);
    NS_LOG_INFO("Added a static lease for " << DhcpChaddrToString(chAddr) << " -> " << addr);
    m_leasedAddresses[chAddr] = std::make_pair(addr, PERMANENT_LEASE);
}
 
} // Namespace ns3