openflow-interface.h

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/*
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation;
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 * Author: Blake Hurd  <naimorai@gmail.com>
 */
#ifndef OPENFLOW_INTERFACE_H
#define OPENFLOW_INTERFACE_H
 
#include <assert.h>
#include <errno.h>
 
// Include OFSI code
#include "ns3/address.h"
#include "ns3/log.h"
#include "ns3/mac48-address.h"
#include "ns3/net-device.h"
#include "ns3/nstime.h"
#include "ns3/packet.h"
#include "ns3/simulator.h"
 
#include <limits>
#include <map>
#include <set>
 
// Include main header and Vendor Extension files
#include "openflow/ericsson-ext.h"
#include "openflow/nicira-ext.h"
#include "openflow/openflow.h"
 
extern "C"
{
// Inexplicably, the OpenFlow implementation uses these two reserved words as member names.
#define private _private
#define delete _delete
#define list List
 
// Include OFSI Library files
#include "openflow/private/csum.h"
#include "openflow/private/poll-loop.h"
#include "openflow/private/rconn.h"
#include "openflow/private/stp.h"
#include "openflow/private/vconn.h"
#include "openflow/private/xtoxll.h"
 
// Include OFSI Switch files
#include "openflow/private/chain.h"
#include "openflow/private/datapath.h" // The functions below are defined in datapath.c
#include "openflow/private/table.h"
    uint32_t save_buffer(ofpbuf*);
    ofpbuf* retrieve_buffer(uint32_t id);
    void discard_buffer(uint32_t id);
#include "openflow/private/dp_act.h" // The functions below are defined in dp_act.c
    void set_vlan_vid(ofpbuf* buffer, sw_flow_key* key, const ofp_action_header* ah);
    void set_vlan_pcp(ofpbuf* buffer, sw_flow_key* key, const ofp_action_header* ah);
    void strip_vlan(ofpbuf* buffer, sw_flow_key* key, const ofp_action_header* ah);
    void set_dl_addr(ofpbuf* buffer, sw_flow_key* key, const ofp_action_header* ah);
    void set_nw_addr(ofpbuf* buffer, sw_flow_key* key, const ofp_action_header* ah);
    void set_tp_port(ofpbuf* buffer, sw_flow_key* key, const ofp_action_header* ah);
    void set_mpls_label(ofpbuf* buffer, sw_flow_key* key, const ofp_action_header* ah);
    void set_mpls_exp(ofpbuf* buffer, sw_flow_key* key, const ofp_action_header* ah);
#include "openflow/private/pt_act.h"
 
#undef list
#undef private
#undef delete
}
 
// Capabilities supported by this implementation.
#ifndef OFP_SUPPORTED_CAPABILITIES
#define OFP_SUPPORTED_CAPABILITIES                                                                 \
    (OFPC_FLOW_STATS | OFPC_TABLE_STATS | OFPC_PORT_STATS | OFPC_MULTI_PHY_TX | OFPC_VPORT_TABLE)
#endif
 
// Actions supported by this implementation.
#ifndef OFP_SUPPORTED_ACTIONS
#define OFP_SUPPORTED_ACTIONS                                                                      \
    ((1 << OFPAT_OUTPUT) | (1 << OFPAT_SET_VLAN_VID) | (1 << OFPAT_SET_VLAN_PCP) |                 \
     (1 << OFPAT_STRIP_VLAN) | (1 << OFPAT_SET_DL_SRC) | (1 << OFPAT_SET_DL_DST) |                 \
     (1 << OFPAT_SET_NW_SRC) | (1 << OFPAT_SET_NW_DST) | (1 << OFPAT_SET_TP_SRC) |                 \
     (1 << OFPAT_SET_TP_DST) | (1 << OFPAT_SET_MPLS_LABEL) | (1 << OFPAT_SET_MPLS_EXP))
#endif
 
#ifndef OFP_SUPPORTED_VPORT_TABLE_ACTIONS
#define OFP_SUPPORTED_VPORT_TABLE_ACTIONS                                                          \
    ((1 << OFPPAT_OUTPUT) | (1 << OFPPAT_POP_MPLS) | (1 << OFPPAT_PUSH_MPLS) |                     \
     (1 << OFPPAT_SET_MPLS_LABEL) | (1 << OFPPAT_SET_MPLS_EXP))
#endif
 
namespace ns3
{
 
class OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice;
 
namespace ofi
{
 
/**
 * \ingroup openflow
 * \brief Port and its metadata.
 *
 * We need to store port metadata, because OpenFlow dictates that there
 * exists a type of request where the Controller asks for data about a
 * port, or multiple ports. Otherwise, we'd refer to it via Ptr<NetDevice>
 * everywhere.
 */
struct Port
{
    Port()
        : config(0),
          state(0),
          netdev(nullptr),
          rx_packets(0),
          tx_packets(0),
          rx_bytes(0),
          tx_bytes(0),
          tx_dropped(0),
          mpls_ttl0_dropped(0)
    {
    }
 
    uint32_t config;                          ///< Some subset of OFPPC_* flags.
    uint32_t state;                           ///< Some subset of OFPPS_* flags.
    Ptr<NetDevice> netdev;                    ///< NetDevice pointer
    unsigned long long int rx_packets;        //!< Counter of Rx packets
    unsigned long long int tx_packets;        //!< Counter of Tx packets
    unsigned long long int rx_bytes;          //!< Counter of Rx bytes
    unsigned long long int tx_bytes;          //!< Counter of Tx bytes
    unsigned long long int tx_dropped;        //!< Counter of Tx dropped packets
    unsigned long long int mpls_ttl0_dropped; //!< Counter of packets dropped due to MPLS TTL
};
 
/**
 * \ingroup openflow
 * OpenFlow statistics
 */
class Stats
{
  public:
    /**
     * Constructor
     * \param _type OpenFlow stats type.
     * \param body_len Stat body length.
     */
    Stats(ofp_stats_types _type, size_t body_len);
 
    /**
     * \brief Prepares to dump some kind of statistics on the connected OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice.
     *
     * \param body Body member of the struct ofp_stats_request.
     * \param body_len Length of the body member.
     * \param state State information.
     * \return 0 if successful, otherwise a negative error code.
     */
    int DoInit(const void* body, int body_len, void** state);
 
    /**
     * \brief Appends statistics for OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice to 'buffer'.
     *
     * \param swtch The OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice this callback is associated with.
     * \param state State information.
     * \param buffer Buffer to append stats reply to.
     * \return 1 if it should be called again later with another buffer, 0 if it is done, or a
     * negative errno value on failure.
     */
    int DoDump(Ptr<OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice> swtch, void* state, ofpbuf* buffer);
 
    /**
     * \brief Cleans any state created by the init or dump functions.
     *
     * May not be implemented if no cleanup is required.
     *
     * \param state State information to clear.
     */
    void DoCleanup(void* state);
 
    /**
     * \brief State of the FlowStats request/reply.
     */
    struct FlowStatsState
    {
        int table_idx;              //!< Table index
        sw_table_position position; //!< Table position
        ofp_flow_stats_request rq;  //!< Stats requests
        time_t now;                 //!< Actual time
 
        ofpbuf* buffer; //!< Buffer
    };
 
    /**
     * \ingroup openflow
     * \brief State of the PortStats request/reply.
     */
    struct PortStatsState
    {
        uint32_t num_ports; ///< Number of ports in host byte order
        uint32_t* ports;    ///< Array of ports in network byte order
    };
 
    ofp_stats_types type; //!< Status type
  private:
    /**
     * Dumps the stats description
     * \param [in] state The state.
     * \param [out] buffer Output buffer.
     * \return zero on success
     */
    int DescStatsDump(void* state, ofpbuf* buffer);
 
    /**
     * @{
     * Initialize the stats.
     * \param body Body member of the struct ofp_stats_request.
     * \param body_len Length of the body member.
     * \param state State information.
     * \return 0 if successful, otherwise a negative error code.
     */
    int FlowStatsInit(const void* body, int body_len, void** state);
    int AggregateStatsInit(const void* body, int body_len, void** state);
    int PortStatsInit(const void* body, int body_len, void** state);
    /** @} */
 
    /// Flow dump callback functor
    int (*FlowDumpCallback)(sw_flow* flow, void* state);
    /// Aggregate dump callback functor
    int (*AggregateDumpCallback)(sw_flow* flow, void* state);
 
    /**
     * @{
     * Dump the stats.
     * \param dp OpenFlow NetDevice.
     * \param state State.
     * \param [out] buffer output buffer.
     * \return 0 if successful
     */
    int FlowStatsDump(Ptr<OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice> dp, FlowStatsState* state, ofpbuf* buffer);
    int AggregateStatsDump(Ptr<OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice> dp,
                           ofp_aggregate_stats_request* state,
                           ofpbuf* buffer);
    int TableStatsDump(Ptr<OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice> dp, void* state, ofpbuf* buffer);
    int PortStatsDump(Ptr<OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice> dp, PortStatsState* state, ofpbuf* buffer);
    int PortTableStatsDump(Ptr<OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice> dp, void* state, ofpbuf* buffer);
    /** @} */
};
 
/**
 * \ingroup openflow
 * \brief Class for handling flow table actions.
 */
struct Action
{
    /**
     * \param type Type of Flow Table Action.
     * \return true if the provided type is a type of flow table action.
     */
    static bool IsValidType(ofp_action_type type);
 
    /**
     * \brief Validates the action on whether its data is valid or not.
     *
     * \param type Type of action to validate.
     * \param len Length of the action data.
     * \param key Matching key for the flow that is tied to this action.
     * \param ah Action's data header.
     * \return ACT_VALIDATION_OK if the action checks out, otherwise an error type.
     */
    static uint16_t Validate(ofp_action_type type,
                             size_t len,
                             const sw_flow_key* key,
                             const ofp_action_header* ah);
 
    /**
     * \brief Executes the action.
     *
     * \param type Type of action to execute.
     * \param buffer Buffer of the Packet if it's needed for the action.
     * \param key Matching key for the flow that is tied to this action.
     * \param ah Action's data header.
     */
    static void Execute(ofp_action_type type,
                        ofpbuf* buffer,
                        sw_flow_key* key,
                        const ofp_action_header* ah);
};
 
/**
 * \ingroup openflow
 * \brief Class for handling virtual port table actions.
 */
struct VPortAction
{
    /**
     * \param type Type of virtual port table Action.
     * \return true if the provided type is a type of virtual port table action.
     */
    static bool IsValidType(ofp_vport_action_type type);
 
    /**
     * \brief Validates the action on whether its data is valid or not.
     *
     * \param type Type of action to validate.
     * \param len Length of the action data.
     * \param ah Action's data header.
     * \return ACT_VALIDATION_OK if the action checks out, otherwise an error type.
     */
    static uint16_t Validate(ofp_vport_action_type type, size_t len, const ofp_action_header* ah);
 
    /**
     * \brief Executes the action.
     *
     * \param type Type of action to execute.
     * \param buffer Buffer of the Packet if it's needed for the action.
     * \param key Matching key for the flow that is tied to this action.
     * \param ah Action's data header.
     */
    static void Execute(ofp_vport_action_type type,
                        ofpbuf* buffer,
                        const sw_flow_key* key,
                        const ofp_action_header* ah);
};
 
/**
 * \ingroup openflow
 * \brief Class for handling Ericsson Vendor-defined actions.
 */
struct EricssonAction
{
    /**
     * \param type Type of Ericsson Vendor-defined Action.
     * \return true if the provided type is a type of Ericsson Vendor-defined action.
     */
    static bool IsValidType(er_action_type type);
 
    /**
     * \brief Validates the action on whether its data is valid or not.
     *
     * \param type Type of action to validate.
     * \param len Length of the action data.
     * \return ACT_VALIDATION_OK if the action checks out, otherwise an error type.
     */
    static uint16_t Validate(er_action_type type, size_t len);
 
    /**
     * \brief Executes the action.
     *
     * \param type Type of action to execute.
     * \param buffer Buffer of the Packet if it's needed for the action.
     * \param key Matching key for the flow that is tied to this action.
     * \param ah Action's data header.
     */
    static void Execute(er_action_type type,
                        ofpbuf* buffer,
                        const sw_flow_key* key,
                        const er_action_header* ah);
};
 
/**
 * \ingroup openflow
 * \brief Callback for a stats dump request.
 */
struct StatsDumpCallback
{
    bool done;                          ///< Whether we are done requesting stats.
    ofp_stats_request* rq;              ///< Current stats request.
    Stats* s;                           ///< Handler of the stats request.
    void* state;                        ///< Stats request state data.
    Ptr<OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice> swtch; ///< The switch that we're requesting data from.
};
 
/**
 * \ingroup openflow
 * \brief Packet Metadata, allows us to track the packet's metadata as it passes through the switch.
 */
struct SwitchPacketMetadata
{
    Ptr<Packet> packet; ///< The Packet itself.
    ofpbuf* buffer; ///< The OpenFlow buffer as created from the Packet, with its data and headers.
    uint16_t protocolNumber; ///< Protocol type of the Packet when the Packet is received
    Address src;             ///< Source Address of the Packet when the Packet is received
    Address dst;             ///< Destination Address of the Packet when the Packet is received.
};
 
/**
 * \ingroup openflow
 * \brief An interface for a Controller of OpenFlowSwitchNetDevices
 *
 * Follows the OpenFlow specification for a controller.
 */
class Controller : public Object
{
  public:
    /**
     * Register this type.
     * \return The TypeId.
     */
    static TypeId GetTypeId();
    /** Destructor. */
    ~Controller() override;
 
    /**
     * Adds a switch to the controller.
     *
     * \param swtch The switch to register.
     */
    virtual void AddSwitch(Ptr<OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice> swtch);
 
    /**
     * A switch calls this method to pass a message on to the Controller.
     *
     * \param swtch The switch the message was received from.
     * \param buffer The message.
     */
    virtual void ReceiveFromSwitch(Ptr<OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice> swtch, ofpbuf* buffer)
    {
    }
 
    /**
     * \brief Starts a callback-based, reliable, possibly multi-message reply to a request made by
     * the controller.
     *
     * If an incoming request needs to have a reliable reply that might
     * require multiple messages, it can use StartDump() to set up
     * a callback that will be called as buffer space for replies.
     *
     * A stats request made by the controller is processed by the switch,
     * the switch then calls this method to tell the controller to start
     * asking for information. By default (it can be overridden), the
     * controller stops all work to run through the callback. ReceiveFromSwitch
     * must be defined appropriately to handle the status reply messages
     * generated by the switch, or otherwise the status reply messages will be sent
     * and discarded.
     *
     * \param cb The callback data.
     */
    void StartDump(StatsDumpCallback* cb);
 
  protected:
    /**
     * However the controller is implemented, this method is to
     * be used to pass a message on to a switch.
     *
     * \param swtch The switch to receive the message.
     * \param msg The message to send.
     * \param length The length of the message.
     */
    virtual void SendToSwitch(Ptr<OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice> swtch, void* msg, size_t length);
 
    /**
     * Construct flow data from a matching key to build a flow
     * entry for adding, modifying, or deleting a flow.
     *
     * \param key The matching key data; used to create a flow that matches the packet.
     * \param buffer_id The OpenFlow Buffer ID; used to run the actions on the packet if we add or
     * modify the flow.
     * \param command Whether to add, modify, or delete this flow.
     * \param acts List of actions to execute.
     * \param actions_len Length of the actions buffer.
     * \param idle_timeout Flow expires if left inactive for this amount of time (specify
     * OFP_FLOW_PERMANENT to disable feature).
     * \param hard_timeout Flow expires after this amount of time (specify OFP_FLOW_PERMANENT to
     * disable feature).
     * \return Flow data that when passed to SetFlow will add, modify, or delete a flow it defines.
     */
    ofp_flow_mod* BuildFlow(sw_flow_key key,
                            uint32_t buffer_id,
                            uint16_t command,
                            void* acts,
                            size_t actions_len,
                            int idle_timeout,
                            int hard_timeout);
 
    /**
     * Get the packet type on the buffer, which can then be used
     * to determine how to handle the buffer.
     *
     * \param buffer The packet in OpenFlow buffer format.
     * \return The packet type, as defined in the ofp_type struct.
     */
    uint8_t GetPacketType(ofpbuf* buffer);
 
    /// OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice container type
    typedef std::set<Ptr<OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice>> Switches_t;
    Switches_t m_switches; ///< The collection of switches registered to this controller.
};
 
/**
 * \ingroup openflow
 * Demonstration of a Drop controller. When a connected switch
 * passes it a packet the switch doesn't recognize, the controller
 * configures the switch to make a flow that drops alike packets.
 */
class DropController : public Controller
{
  public:
    /**
     * Register this type.
     * \return The TypeId.
     */
    static TypeId GetTypeId();
 
    void ReceiveFromSwitch(Ptr<OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice> swtch, ofpbuf* buffer) override;
};
 
/**
 * \ingroup openflow
 * Demonstration of a Learning controller. When a connected switch
 * passes it a packet the switch doesn't recognize, the controller
 * delves into its learned states and figures out if we know what
 * port the packet is supposed to go to, flooding if unknown, and
 * adjusts the switch's flow table accordingly.
 */
class LearningController : public Controller
{
  public:
    /**
     * Register this type.
     * \return The TypeId.
     */
    static TypeId GetTypeId();
 
    ~LearningController() override
    {
        m_learnState.clear();
    }
 
    void ReceiveFromSwitch(Ptr<OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice> swtch, ofpbuf* buffer) override;
 
  protected:
    /// Learned state
    struct LearnedState
    {
        uint32_t port; ///< Learned port.
    };
 
    Time m_expirationTime; ///< Time it takes for learned MAC state entry/created flow to expire.
    /// Learned state type
    typedef std::map<Mac48Address, LearnedState> LearnState_t;
    LearnState_t m_learnState; ///< Learned state data.
};
 
/**
 * \brief Executes a list of flow table actions.
 *
 * \param swtch OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice these actions are being executed on.
 * \param packet_uid Packet UID; used to fetch the packet and its metadata.
 * \param buffer The Packet OpenFlow buffer.
 * \param key The matching key for the flow tied to this list of actions.
 * \param actions A buffer of actions.
 * \param actions_len Length of actions buffer.
 * \param ignore_no_fwd If true, during port forwarding actions, ports that are set to not forward
 * are forced to forward.
 */
void ExecuteActions(Ptr<OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice> swtch,
                    uint64_t packet_uid,
                    ofpbuf* buffer,
                    sw_flow_key* key,
                    const ofp_action_header* actions,
                    size_t actions_len,
                    int ignore_no_fwd);
 
/**
 * \brief Validates a list of flow table actions.
 *
 * \param key The matching key for the flow tied to this list of actions.
 * \param actions A buffer of actions.
 * \param actions_len Length of actions buffer.
 * \return If the action list validates, ACT_VALIDATION_OK is returned. Otherwise, a code for the
 * OFPET_BAD_ACTION error type is returned.
 */
uint16_t ValidateActions(const sw_flow_key* key,
                         const ofp_action_header* actions,
                         size_t actions_len);
 
/**
 * \brief Executes a list of virtual port table entry actions.
 *
 * \param swtch OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice these actions are being executed on.
 * \param packet_uid Packet UID; used to fetch the packet and its metadata.
 * \param buffer The Packet OpenFlow buffer.
 * \param key The matching key for the flow tied to this list of actions.
 * \param actions A buffer of actions.
 * \param actions_len Length of actions buffer.
 */
void ExecuteVPortActions(Ptr<OpenFlowSwitchNetDevice> swtch,
                         uint64_t packet_uid,
                         ofpbuf* buffer,
                         sw_flow_key* key,
                         const ofp_action_header* actions,
                         size_t actions_len);
 
/**
 * \brief Validates a list of virtual port table entry actions.
 *
 * \param actions A buffer of actions.
 * \param actions_len Length of actions buffer.
 * \return If the action list validates, ACT_VALIDATION_OK is returned. Otherwise, a code for the
 * OFPET_BAD_ACTION error type is returned.
 */
uint16_t ValidateVPortActions(const ofp_action_header* actions, size_t actions_len);
 
/**
 * \brief Executes a vendor-defined action.
 *
 * \param buffer The Packet OpenFlow buffer.
 * \param key The matching key for the flow tied to this list of actions.
 * \param ah Header of the action.
 */
void ExecuteVendor(ofpbuf* buffer, const sw_flow_key* key, const ofp_action_header* ah);
 
/**
 * \brief Validates a vendor-defined action.
 *
 * \param key The matching key for the flow tied to this list of actions.
 * \param ah Header of the action.
 * \param len Length of the action.
 * \return If the action list validates, ACT_VALIDATION_OK is returned. Otherwise, a code for the
 * OFPET_BAD_ACTION error type is returned.
 */
uint16_t ValidateVendor(const sw_flow_key* key, const ofp_action_header* ah, uint16_t len);
 
/*
 * From datapath.c
 * Buffers are identified to userspace by a 31-bit opaque ID.  We divide the ID
 * into a buffer number (low bits) and a cookie (high bits).  The buffer number
 * is an index into an array of buffers.  The cookie distinguishes between
 * different packets that have occupied a single buffer.  Thus, the more
 * buffers we have, the lower-quality the cookie...
 */
#define PKT_BUFFER_BITS 8
#define N_PKT_BUFFERS (1 << PKT_BUFFER_BITS)
#define PKT_BUFFER_MASK (N_PKT_BUFFERS - 1)
#define PKT_COOKIE_BITS (32 - PKT_BUFFER_BITS)
 
} // namespace ofi
 
} // namespace ns3
 
#endif /* OPENFLOW_INTERFACE_H */