qos-utils.h

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/*
 * Copyright (c) 2009 MIRKO BANCHI
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation;
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 * Author: Mirko Banchi <mk.banchi@gmail.com>
 */
 
#ifndef QOS_UTILS_H
#define QOS_UTILS_H
 
#include "ns3/fatal-error.h"
#include "ns3/ptr.h"
 
#include <map>
 
namespace ns3
{
 
class Packet;
class WifiMacHeader;
class QueueItem;
class Mac48Address;
 
typedef std::pair<Mac48Address, uint8_t> WifiAddressTidPair; //!< (MAC address, TID) pair
 
/**
 * Function object to compute the hash of a (MAC address, TID) pair
 */
struct WifiAddressTidHash
{
    /**
     * Functional operator for (MAC address, TID) hash computation.
     *
     * \param addressTidPair the (MAC address, TID) pair
     * \return the hash
     */
    std::size_t operator()(const WifiAddressTidPair& addressTidPair) const;
};
 
/**
 * Function object to compute the hash of a MAC address
 */
struct WifiAddressHash
{
    /**
     * Functional operator for MAC address hash computation.
     *
     * \param address the MAC address
     * \return the hash
     */
    std::size_t operator()(const Mac48Address& address) const;
};
 
/**
 * \ingroup wifi
 * This enumeration defines the Access Categories as an enumeration
 * with values corresponding to the AC index (ACI) values specified
 * (Table 8-104 "ACI-to-AC coding"; IEEE 802.11-2012).
 */
enum AcIndex : uint8_t
{
    /** Best Effort */
    AC_BE = 0,
    /** Background */
    AC_BK = 1,
    /** Video */
    AC_VI = 2,
    /** Voice */
    AC_VO = 3,
    /** Non-QoS */
    AC_BE_NQOS = 4,
    /** Beacon queue */
    AC_BEACON = 5,
    /** Total number of ACs */
    AC_UNDEF
};
 
/**
 * \brief Stream insertion operator.
 *
 * \param os the stream
 * \param acIndex the AC index
 * \returns a reference to the stream
 */
inline std::ostream&
operator<<(std::ostream& os, const AcIndex& acIndex)
{
    switch (acIndex)
    {
    case AC_BE:
        return (os << "AC BE");
    case AC_BK:
        return (os << "AC BK");
    case AC_VI:
        return (os << "AC VI");
    case AC_VO:
        return (os << "AC VO");
    case AC_BE_NQOS:
        return (os << "AC BE NQOS");
    case AC_BEACON:
        return (os << "AC BEACON");
    case AC_UNDEF:
        return (os << "AC Undefined");
    default:
        NS_FATAL_ERROR("Unknown AC index");
        return (os << "Unknown");
    }
}
 
/**
 * \ingroup wifi
 * This class stores the pair of TIDs of an Access Category.
 */
class WifiAc
{
  public:
    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * \param lowTid the TID with lower priority
     * \param highTid the TID with higher priority
     */
    WifiAc(uint8_t lowTid, uint8_t highTid);
    /**
     * Get the TID with lower priority
     *
     * \return the TID with lower priority
     */
    uint8_t GetLowTid() const;
    /**
     * Get the TID with higher priority
     *
     * \return the TID with higher priority
     */
    uint8_t GetHighTid() const;
    /**
     * Given a TID belonging to this Access Category, get the other TID of this AC.
     *
     * \param tid a TID belonging to this AC
     * \return the other TID belonging to this AC
     */
    uint8_t GetOtherTid(uint8_t tid) const;
 
  private:
    uint8_t m_lowTid;  //!< the TID with lower priority
    uint8_t m_highTid; //!< the TID with higher priority
};
 
/**
 * \ingroup wifi
 * Operator> overload returning true if the AC on the left has higher priority
 * than the AC on the right.
 *
 * \param left the AC on the left of operator>
 * \param right the AC on the right of operator>
 * \return true if the AC on the left has higher priority than the AC on the right
 */
bool operator>(AcIndex left, AcIndex right);
 
/**
 * \ingroup wifi
 * Operator>= overload returning true if the AC on the left has higher or the same
 * priority than the AC on the right.
 *
 * \param left the AC on the left of operator>=
 * \param right the AC on the right of operator>=
 * \return true if the AC on the left has higher or the same priority than the AC on the right
 */
bool operator>=(AcIndex left, AcIndex right);
 
/**
 * \ingroup wifi
 * Operator< overload returning true if the AC on the left has lower priority
 * than the AC on the right.
 *
 * \param left the AC on the left of operator<
 * \param right the AC on the right of operator<
 * \return true if the AC on the left has lower priority than the AC on the right
 */
bool operator<(AcIndex left, AcIndex right);
 
/**
 * \ingroup wifi
 * Operator<= overload returning true if the AC on the left has lower or the same
 * priority than the AC on the right.
 *
 * \param left the AC on the left of operator<=
 * \param right the AC on the right of operator<=
 * \return true if the AC on the left has lower or the same priority than the AC on the right
 */
bool operator<=(AcIndex left, AcIndex right);
 
/**
 * Map containing the four ACs in increasing order of priority (according to
 * Table 10-1 "UP-to-AC Mappings" of 802.11-2016)
 */
extern const std::map<AcIndex, WifiAc> wifiAcList;
 
/**
 * \ingroup wifi
 * Maps TID (Traffic ID) to Access classes.
 * For more details see (Table 9-1 "UP-to-AC mapping"; IEEE 802.11-2012).
 *
 * \param tid the Traffic ID to be mapped to Access class
 * \return the access class for the given TID
 */
AcIndex QosUtilsMapTidToAc(uint8_t tid);
 
/**
 * \ingroup wifi
 * If a QoS tag is attached to the packet, returns a value < 8.
 * A value >= 8 is returned otherwise.
 *
 * \param packet the packet to checked for a QoS tag
 *
 * \return a value less than 8 if QoS tag was present, a value >= 8
 *         is returned if no QoS tag was present
 */
uint8_t QosUtilsGetTidForPacket(Ptr<const Packet> packet);
 
/**
 * \ingroup wifi
 * Next function is useful to correctly sort buffered packets under block ack.
 * When an BAR is received from originator station, completed "old"
 * (see section 9.10.3 in IEEE 802.11e) packets must be forwarded up before "new" packets.
 *
 * \param seqControl the sequence control field
 * \param endSequence the sequence number ending the acknowledgment window
 *
 * \return a unique integer for the given sequence control and end sequence
 */
uint32_t QosUtilsMapSeqControlToUniqueInteger(uint16_t seqControl, uint16_t endSequence);
 
/**
 * \ingroup wifi
 * This function checks if packet with sequence number <i>seqNumber</i> is an "old" packet.
 * The sequence number space is considered divided into two parts, one of which is "old" and
 * one of which is "new" by means of a boundary created by adding half the sequence number
 * range to the starting sequence number <i>startingSeq</i>. So this function works fine also
 * when <i>seqNumber</i> is smaller than <i>startingSeq</i> and <i>startingSeq</i> + 2048 is greater
 * than 4096 because all comparison are circular modulo 2^12. The following are possible scenarios:
 *
 * ----- = old packets
 * +++++ = new packets
 *
 *  CASE A:
 *
 *    0                             4095
 *    |++++++|----------------|++++++|
 *           ^                ^
 *           | endSeq         | startingSeq
 *
 *
 *  CASE B:
 *
 *    0                            4095
 *    |------|++++++++++++++++|-----|
 *           ^                ^
 *           | startingSeq    | endSeq
 *
 * Here in the examples endSeq is the sequenceNumber of the "last" new packet.
 * So this function, when specified a starting sequence and a sequence number, returns true
 * if that packet (with sequence number <i>numberSeq</i>)) belongs to the section of the
 * sequence number space marked with '-' characters. The function returns false otherwise.
 *
 * \param startingSeq the starting sequence number
 * \param seqNumber the sequence number to be checked
 *
 * \return true if the packet is old, false otherwise
 */
bool QosUtilsIsOldPacket(uint16_t startingSeq, uint16_t seqNumber);
 
/**
 * \ingroup wifi
 * This function is useful to get traffic id of different packet types.
 *
 * \param packet packet to check
 * \param hdr 802.11 header for packet to check
 * \return the TID of different packet types
 */
uint8_t GetTid(Ptr<const Packet> packet, const WifiMacHeader hdr);
 
/**
 * \ingroup wifi
 * \brief Determine the TX queue for a given packet
 * \param item the packet
 * \returns the access category
 *
 * Modeled after the Linux function ieee80211_select_queue (net/mac80211/wme.c).
 * A SocketPriority tag is attached to the packet (or the existing one is
 * replaced) to carry the user priority, which is set to the three most
 * significant bits of the DS field (TOS field in case of IPv4 and Traffic
 * Class field in case of IPv6). The Access Category corresponding to the
 * user priority according to the QosUtilsMapTidToAc function is returned.
 *
 * The following table shows the mapping for the Diffserv Per Hop Behaviors.
 *
 * PHB  | TOS (binary) | UP  | Access Category
 * -----|--------------|-----|-----------------
 * EF   |   101110xx   |  5  |     AC_VI
 * AF11 |   001010xx   |  1  |     AC_BK
 * AF21 |   010010xx   |  2  |     AC_BK
 * AF31 |   011010xx   |  3  |     AC_BE
 * AF41 |   100010xx   |  4  |     AC_VI
 * AF12 |   001100xx   |  1  |     AC_BK
 * AF22 |   010100xx   |  2  |     AC_BK
 * AF32 |   011100xx   |  3  |     AC_BE
 * AF42 |   100100xx   |  4  |     AC_VI
 * AF13 |   001110xx   |  1  |     AC_BK
 * AF23 |   010110xx   |  2  |     AC_BK
 * AF33 |   011110xx   |  3  |     AC_BE
 * AF43 |   100110xx   |  4  |     AC_VI
 * CS0  |   000000xx   |  0  |     AC_BE
 * CS1  |   001000xx   |  1  |     AC_BK
 * CS2  |   010000xx   |  2  |     AC_BK
 * CS3  |   011000xx   |  3  |     AC_BE
 * CS4  |   100000xx   |  4  |     AC_VI
 * CS5  |   101000xx   |  5  |     AC_VI
 * CS6  |   110000xx   |  6  |     AC_VO
 * CS7  |   111000xx   |  7  |     AC_VO
 *
 * This method is called by the traffic control layer before enqueuing a
 * packet in the queue disc, if a queue disc is installed on the outgoing
 * device, or passing a packet to the device, otherwise.
 */
uint8_t SelectQueueByDSField(Ptr<QueueItem> item);
 
} // namespace ns3
 
#endif /* QOS_UTILS_H */