A Discrete-Event Network Simulator
API
fd-tap-ping.cc
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1/* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
2/*
3 * Copyright (c) 2012 University of Washington, 2012 INRIA
4 *
5 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation;
8 *
9 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 * GNU General Public License for more details.
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14 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
16 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
17 */
18
19// Allow ns-3 to ping a real host somewhere, using emulation mode and ping
20// the simulated node from the host.
21//
22// +-------------------------------------+
23// | host |
24// +-------------------------------------+
25// | ns-3 simulation | |
26// +----------------------+ |
27// | ns-3 Node | |
28// | +----------------+ | |
29// | | ns-3 TCP | | |
30// | +----------------+ | |
31// | | ns-3 IPv4 | | |
32// | +----------------+ | |
33// | | FdNetDevice | | |
34// |--+----------------+--+ +------+ |
35// | | TAP | | eth0 | |
36// | +------+ +------+ |
37// | 1.2.3.4 | |
38// +-------------------------------|-----+
39// |
40// | +-------------+
41// ------------ (Internet) ----- | Remote host |
42// +-------------+
43//
44// To use this example:
45// 1) ns-3 will create the TAP device for you in the host machine.
46// For this you need to provide the network address to allocate IP addresses
47// for the TAP device and the ns-3 FdNetDevice.
48//
49// 2) Take into consideration that this experiment requires the host to be able
50// to forward traffic generated by the simulation to the Internet.
51// So for Linux systems, make sure to configure:
52// # echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
53//
54// Also enable natting so the ICMP replies from the remote host can reach
55// back the TAP.
56// - TAP-network-address is the same as 'tapNetwork'
57// - TAP-network-mask is the same as 'tapMask'
58// # iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s <TAP-network-address>/<TAP-network-mask> -j MASQUERADE
59//
60// 3) Before running the example make sure that the tap creator binary has root suid.
61// If the --enable-sudo option was used to configure ns-3 with ns3, then the following
62// step will not be necessary.
63//
64// # chown root.root build/src/fd-net-device/ns3-dev-tap-device-creator
65// # sudo chmod 4755 build/src/fd-net-device/ns3-dev-tap-device-creator
66//
67// 4) The example can be executed as follows using ns3:
68//
69// ./ns3 run fd-tap-ping --command-template="%s --tapNetwork=<TAP-network-address> --tapMask=<TAP-network-mask>"
70//
71
72#include "ns3/abort.h"
73#include "ns3/core-module.h"
74#include "ns3/internet-module.h"
75#include "ns3/network-module.h"
76#include "ns3/fd-net-device-module.h"
77#include "ns3/internet-apps-module.h"
78#include "ns3/ipv4-static-routing-helper.h"
79#include "ns3/ipv4-list-routing-helper.h"
80
81using namespace ns3;
82
83NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("TAPPingExample");
84
85static void
86PingRtt (std::string context, Time rtt)
87{
88 NS_LOG_UNCOND ("Received Response with RTT = " << rtt);
89}
90
91int
92main (int argc, char *argv[])
93{
94 NS_LOG_INFO ("Ping Emulation Example with TAP");
95
96 std::string deviceName ("tap0");
97 std::string remote ("192.0.43.10"); // example.com
98 std::string network ("1.2.3.4");
99 std::string mask ("255.255.255.0");
100 std::string pi ("no");
101
102 //
103 // Allow the user to override any of the defaults at run-time, via
104 // command-line arguments
105 //
106 CommandLine cmd (__FILE__);
107 cmd.AddValue ("deviceName", "Device name", deviceName);
108 cmd.AddValue ("remote", "Remote IP address (dotted decimal only please)", remote);
109 cmd.AddValue ("tapNetwork", "Network address to assign the TAP device IP address (dotted decimal only please)", network);
110 cmd.AddValue ("tapMask", "Network mask for configure the TAP device (dotted decimal only please)", mask);
111 cmd.AddValue ("modePi", "If 'yes' a PI header will be added to the traffic traversing the device(flag IFF_NOPI will be unset).", pi);
112 cmd.Parse (argc, argv);
113
114 NS_ABORT_MSG_IF (network == "1.2.3.4", "You must change the local IP address before running this example");
115
116 Ipv4Address remoteIp (remote.c_str ());
117 Ipv4Address tapNetwork (network.c_str ());
118 Ipv4Mask tapMask (mask.c_str ());
119
120 bool modePi = (pi == "yes");
121
122 //
123 // Since we are using a real piece of hardware we need to use the realtime
124 // simulator.
125 //
126 GlobalValue::Bind ("SimulatorImplementationType", StringValue ("ns3::RealtimeSimulatorImpl"));
127
128 //
129 // Since we are going to be talking to real-world machines, we need to enable
130 // calculation of checksums in our protocols.
131 //
132 GlobalValue::Bind ("ChecksumEnabled", BooleanValue (true));
133
134 //
135 // In such a simple topology, the use of the helper API can be a hindrance
136 // so we drop down into the low level API and do it manually.
137 //
138 // First we need a single node.
139 //
140 NS_LOG_INFO ("Create Node");
141 Ptr<Node> node = CreateObject<Node> ();
142
143 // Create an fd device, set a MAC address and point the device to the
144 // Linux device name. The device needs a transmit queueing discipline so
145 // create a droptail queue and give it to the device. Finally, "install"
146 // the device into the node.
147 //
148 Ipv4AddressHelper addresses;
149 addresses.SetBase (tapNetwork, tapMask);
150 Ipv4Address tapIp = addresses.NewAddress ();
151
152 NS_LOG_INFO ("Create Device");
154 helper.SetDeviceName (deviceName);
155 helper.SetModePi (modePi);
156 helper.SetTapIpv4Address (tapIp);
157 helper.SetTapIpv4Mask (tapMask);
158
159 NetDeviceContainer devices = helper.Install (node);
160 Ptr<NetDevice> device = devices.Get (0);
161
162 //
163 // Add a default internet stack to the node (ARP, IPv4, ICMP, UDP and TCP).
164 //
165 NS_LOG_INFO ("Add Internet Stack");
166 InternetStackHelper internetStackHelper;
167 internetStackHelper.Install (node);
168
169 //
170 // Add an address to the ns-3 device in the same network than one
171 // assigned to the TAP.
172 //
173 NS_LOG_INFO ("Create IPv4 Interface");
174 Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4 = node->GetObject<Ipv4> ();
175 uint32_t interface = ipv4->AddInterface (device);
176 Ipv4Address devIp = addresses.NewAddress ();
178 ipv4->AddAddress (interface, address);
179 ipv4->SetMetric (interface, 1);
180 ipv4->SetUp (interface);
181
182 //
183 // Add a route to the ns-3 device so it can reach the outside world though the
184 // TAP.
185 //
186 Ipv4StaticRoutingHelper ipv4RoutingHelper;
187 Ptr<Ipv4StaticRouting> staticRouting = ipv4RoutingHelper.GetStaticRouting (ipv4);
188 staticRouting->SetDefaultRoute (tapIp, interface);
189
190 //
191 // Create the ping application. This application knows how to send
192 // ICMP echo requests. Setting up the packet sink manually is a bit
193 // of a hassle and since there is no law that says we cannot mix the
194 // helper API with the low level API, let's just use the helper.
195 //
196 NS_LOG_INFO ("Create V4Ping Appliation");
197 Ptr<V4Ping> app = CreateObject<V4Ping> ();
198 app->SetAttribute ("Remote", Ipv4AddressValue (remoteIp));
199 app->SetAttribute ("Verbose", BooleanValue (true) );
200 node->AddApplication (app);
201 app->SetStartTime (Seconds (1.0));
202 app->SetStopTime (Seconds (21.0));
203
204 //
205 // Give the application a name. This makes life much easier when constructing
206 // config paths.
207 //
208 Names::Add ("app", app);
209
210 //
211 // Hook a trace to print something when the response comes back.
212 //
213 Config::Connect ("/Names/app/Rtt", MakeCallback (&PingRtt));
214
215 //
216 // Enable a promiscuous pcap trace to see what is coming and going on our device.
217 //
218 helper.EnablePcap ("fd-tap-ping", device, true);
219
220 //
221 // Now, do the actual emulation.
222 //
223 NS_LOG_INFO ("Run Emulation.");
224 Simulator::Stop (Seconds (25.0));
225 Simulator::Run ();
226 Simulator::Destroy ();
227 NS_LOG_INFO ("Done.");
228}
AttributeValue implementation for Boolean.
Definition: boolean.h:37
Parse command-line arguments.
Definition: command-line.h:229
void SetDeviceName(std::string deviceName)
Set the device name of this device.
virtual NetDeviceContainer Install(Ptr< Node > node) const
This method creates a FdNetDevice and associates it to a node.
aggregate IP/TCP/UDP functionality to existing Nodes.
void Install(std::string nodeName) const
Aggregate implementations of the ns3::Ipv4, ns3::Ipv6, ns3::Udp, and ns3::Tcp classes onto the provid...
A helper class to make life easier while doing simple IPv4 address assignment in scripts.
Ipv4Address NewAddress(void)
Increment the IP address counter used to allocate IP addresses.
void SetBase(Ipv4Address network, Ipv4Mask mask, Ipv4Address base="0.0.0.1")
Set the base network number, network mask and base address.
Ipv4 addresses are stored in host order in this class.
Definition: ipv4-address.h:41
AttributeValue implementation for Ipv4Address.
Access to the IPv4 forwarding table, interfaces, and configuration.
Definition: ipv4.h:77
a class to store IPv4 address information on an interface
a class to represent an Ipv4 address mask
Definition: ipv4-address.h:256
Helper class that adds ns3::Ipv4StaticRouting objects.
Ptr< Ipv4StaticRouting > GetStaticRouting(Ptr< Ipv4 > ipv4) const
Try and find the static routing protocol as either the main routing protocol or in the list of routin...
holds a vector of ns3::NetDevice pointers
uint32_t AddApplication(Ptr< Application > application)
Associate an Application to this Node.
Definition: node.cc:159
Ptr< T > GetObject(void) const
Get a pointer to the requested aggregated Object.
Definition: object.h:470
void EnablePcap(std::string prefix, Ptr< NetDevice > nd, bool promiscuous=false, bool explicitFilename=false)
Enable pcap output the indicated net device.
Hold variables of type string.
Definition: string.h:41
build a set of FdNetDevice objects attached to a virtual TAP network interface
void SetTapIpv4Mask(Ipv4Mask mask)
Set the IPv4 network mask for the TAP device.
void SetTapIpv4Address(Ipv4Address address)
Set the device IPv4 address.
void SetModePi(bool pi)
Set flag IFF_NO_PI on the device.
Simulation virtual time values and global simulation resolution.
Definition: nstime.h:103
static void PingRtt(std::string context, Time rtt)
Definition: fd-tap-ping.cc:86
void Connect(std::string path, const CallbackBase &cb)
Definition: config.cc:920
#define NS_ABORT_MSG_IF(cond, msg)
Abnormal program termination if a condition is true, with a message.
Definition: abort.h:108
#define NS_LOG_UNCOND(msg)
Output the requested message unconditionally.
#define NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE(name)
Define a Log component with a specific name.
Definition: log.h:205
#define NS_LOG_INFO(msg)
Use NS_LOG to output a message of level LOG_INFO.
Definition: log.h:281
Time Seconds(double value)
Construct a Time in the indicated unit.
Definition: nstime.h:1244
address
Definition: first.py:44
devices
Definition: first.py:39
Every class exported by the ns3 library is enclosed in the ns3 namespace.
Callback< R, Ts... > MakeCallback(R(T::*memPtr)(Ts...), OBJ objPtr)
Build Callbacks for class method members which take varying numbers of arguments and potentially retu...
Definition: callback.h:1648
cmd
Definition: second.py:35