80211b.c

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/*
 * Copyright (c) 2010 The Boeing Company
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation;
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 * Author: Gary Pei <guangyu.pei@boeing.com>
 */
 
/*
 * This program is used to generate plots found in the paper
 * G. Pei and Tom Henderson, "Validation of ns-3 802.11b PHY model",
 * available online at http://www.nsnam.org/~pei/80211b.pdf
 *
 * It can be compiled as a C program and relies on a library installation of
 * the GNU Scientific Library (gsl).  To compile:
 *   gcc 80211b.c -o 80211b -lm -lgsl -lgslcblas
 *
 * The executable output should be redirected into a text file 80211b.txt
 *   ./80211b > 80211b.txt
 *
 * Then gnuplot can load the associated plot file which references 80211b.txt:
 *   gnuplot 80211b.plt
 */
 
#include <gsl/gsl_cdf.h>
#include <gsl/gsl_integration.h>
#include <gsl/gsl_math.h>
#include <gsl/gsl_sf_bessel.h>
 
#define min(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
#define max(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
#define WLAN_SIR_perfect 10.0   // if SIR > 10dB, perfect reception
#define WLAN_SIR_impossible 0.1 // if SIR < -10dB, impossible to receive
 
typedef struct fn_parameter_t
{
    double beta; 
    double n;    
} fn_parameters;
 
double
QFunction(double x)
{
    return 0.5 * erfc(x / sqrt(2.0));
}
 
double
f(double x, void* params)
{
    double beta = ((fn_parameters*)params)->beta;
    double n = ((fn_parameters*)params)->n;
    double f =
        pow(2 * gsl_cdf_ugaussian_P(x + beta) - 1, n - 1) * exp(-x * x / 2.0) / sqrt(2.0 * M_PI);
    return f;
}
 
double
p_e2(double e2)
{
    double sep;
    double error;
    fn_parameters params;
    params.beta = sqrt(2.0 * e2);
    params.n = 8.0;
    gsl_integration_workspace* w = gsl_integration_workspace_alloc(1000);
    gsl_function F;
    F.function = &f;
    F.params = &params;
    gsl_integration_qagiu(&F, -params.beta, 0, 1e-7, 1000, w, &sep, &error);
    gsl_integration_workspace_free(w);
    if (error == 0.0)
    {
        sep = 1.0;
    }
    return 1.0 - sep;
}
 
double
p_e1(double e1)
{
    return 1.0 - pow(1.0 - p_e2(e1 / 2.0), 2.0);
}
 
double
DbToNoneDb(double x)
{
    return pow(10.0, x / 10.0);
}
 
double
NoneDbToDb(double x)
{
    return 10.0 * log10(x);
}
 
double
DQPSKFunction(double x)
{
    double pi = acos(-1.0);
    return ((sqrt(2.0) + 1.0) / sqrt(8.0 * pi * sqrt(2.0))) * (1.0 / sqrt(x)) *
           exp(-(2.0 - sqrt(2.0)) * x);
}
 
double
Get80211bDsssDbpskBerIeee(double EcNc)
{
    double ber;
    if (EcNc > WLAN_SIR_perfect)
    {
        ber = 0;
    }
    else if (EcNc < WLAN_SIR_impossible)
    {
        ber = 0.5;
    }
    else
    {
        ber = min(QFunction(sqrt(11.0 * EcNc)), 0.5);
    }
    return ber;
}
 
double
Get80211bDsssDbpskBer(double sinr)
{
    double EbN0 = sinr * 22000000.0 / 1000000.0;
    double ber = 0.5 * exp(-EbN0);
    return ber;
}
 
double
Get80211bDsssDqpskBerIeee(double EcNc)
{
    double ber;
    if (EcNc > WLAN_SIR_perfect)
    {
        ber = 0;
    }
    else if (EcNc < WLAN_SIR_impossible)
    {
        ber = 0.5;
    }
    else
    {
        ber = min(QFunction(sqrt(5.5 * EcNc)), 0.5);
    }
    return ber;
}
 
double
Get80211bDsssDqpskBer(double sinr)
{
    // 2 bits per symbol, 1 MSPS
    double EbN0 = sinr * 22000000.0 / 1000000.0 / 2.0;
    double ber = DQPSKFunction(EbN0);
    return ber;
}
 
double
Get80211bDsssDqpskCCK5_5BerIeee(double EcNc)
{
    double ber;
    if (EcNc > WLAN_SIR_perfect)
    {
        ber = 0.0;
    }
    else if (EcNc < WLAN_SIR_impossible)
    {
        ber = 0.5;
    }
    else
    {
        double pew = 14.0 * QFunction(sqrt(EcNc * 8.0)) + QFunction(sqrt(EcNc * 16.0));
        pew = min(pew, 0.99999);
        ber = 8.0 / 15.0 * pew;
    }
    return ber;
}
 
double
Get80211bDsssDqpskCCK11BerIeee(double EcNc)
{
    double ber;
    if (EcNc > WLAN_SIR_perfect)
    {
        ber = 0.0;
    }
    else if (EcNc < WLAN_SIR_impossible)
    {
        ber = 0.5;
    }
    else
    {
        double pew = 24.0 * QFunction(sqrt(EcNc * 4.0)) + 16.0 * QFunction(sqrt(EcNc * 6.0)) +
                     174.0 * QFunction(sqrt(EcNc * 8.0)) + 16.0 * QFunction(sqrt(EcNc * 10.0)) +
                     24.0 * QFunction(sqrt(EcNc * 12.0)) + QFunction(sqrt(EcNc * 16.0));
        pew = min(pew, 0.99999);
        ber = 128.0 / 255.0 * pew;
    }
    return ber;
}
 
int
main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    double rss, sinr;
    double totalPkt = 200.0;
    // double noise = 1.552058;  // (dB) this noise figure value corresponds to
    //  -99 dBm noise floor reported in CMU paper
    double noise = 7; // (dB) this noise figure value corresponds to the
                      // default in YansWifiPhy, and matches CMU testbed results
    double EcNc, EbN01, EbN02, EbN05, EbN011;
    double ieee1, ieee2, ieee5, ieee11;
    double numBits = (1024. + 40. + 14.) * 8.;
    double dbpsk, dqpsk, cck16, cck256, sepcck16, sepcck256;
    noise = DbToNoneDb(noise) * 1.3803e-23 * 290.0 * 22000000;
    for (rss = -102.0; rss <= -80.0; rss += 0.1)
    {
        sinr = DbToNoneDb(rss) / 1000.0 / noise;
        EcNc = sinr * 22000000.0 / 11000000.0; // IEEE sir
        EbN01 = sinr * 22000000.0 / 1000000.0;
        // 2 bits per symbol, 1 MSPS
        EbN02 = sinr * 22000000.0 / 1000000.0 / 2.0;
        EbN05 = sinr * 22000000.0 / 1375000.0 / 4.0;
        EbN011 = sinr * 22000000.0 / 1375000.0 / 8.0;
        // 1=rss, 2=EcNc, 3=EbN01, 4=EbN02, 5=EBN05, 6=EbN011
        printf("%g %g %g %g %g %g ",
               rss,
               NoneDbToDb(EcNc),
               NoneDbToDb(EbN01),
               NoneDbToDb(EbN02),
               NoneDbToDb(EbN05),
               NoneDbToDb(EbN011));
        ieee1 = Get80211bDsssDbpskBerIeee(EcNc);
        ieee2 = Get80211bDsssDqpskBerIeee(EcNc);
        ieee5 = Get80211bDsssDqpskCCK5_5BerIeee(EcNc);
        ieee11 = Get80211bDsssDqpskCCK11BerIeee(EcNc);
        // 7=ber_ieee1, 8=ber_ieee2, 9=ber_ieee5, 10=ber_ieee11
        printf(" %g %g %g %g ", ieee1, ieee2, ieee5, ieee11);
        ieee1 = totalPkt * pow(1 - ieee1, numBits);
        ieee2 = totalPkt * pow(1 - ieee2, numBits);
        ieee5 = totalPkt * pow(1 - ieee5, numBits);
        ieee11 = totalPkt * pow(1 - ieee11, numBits);
        // 11=pkt_ieee1, 12=pkt_ieee2, 13=pkt_ieee5, 14=pkt_ieee11
        printf(" %g %g %g %g ", ieee1, ieee2, ieee5, ieee11);
        dbpsk = Get80211bDsssDbpskBer(sinr);
        dqpsk = Get80211bDsssDqpskBer(sinr);
        cck16 = max(0, 8.0 / 15.0 * p_e2(4.0 * EbN05 / 2.0));
        cck256 = max(0, 128.0 / 255.0 * p_e1(8.0 * EbN011 / 2.0));
        // 15=ber_dbpsk, 16=ber_dqpsk, 17=ber_cck16, 18=ber_cck256
        printf(" %g %g %g %g ", dbpsk, dqpsk, cck16, cck256);
        dbpsk = totalPkt * pow(1 - dbpsk, numBits);
        dqpsk = totalPkt * pow(1 - dqpsk, numBits);
        sepcck16 = p_e2(4.0 * EbN05 / 2.0);
        sepcck256 = p_e1(8.0 * EbN011 / 2.0);
        cck16 = totalPkt * pow(1.0 - sepcck16, numBits / 4.0);
        cck256 = totalPkt * pow(1.0 - sepcck256, numBits / 8.0);
        // 19=pkt_dbpsk, 20=pkt_dqpsk, 21=pkt_cck16, 22=pkt_cck256
        printf(" %g %g %g %g ", dbpsk, dqpsk, cck16, cck256);
        // 23=sinr
        printf(" %g \n", NoneDbToDb(sinr));
    }
    return 0;
}