ipv4-deduplication-test.cc

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/*
 * Copyright (c) 2013 Universita' di Firenze
 * Copyright (c) 2019 Caliola Engineering, LLC : RFC 6621 multicast packet de-duplication
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation;
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 * Author: Tommaso Pecorella <tommaso.pecorella@unifi.it>
 * Modified (2019): Jared Dulmage <jared.dulmage@caliola.com>
 *   Tests dissemination of multicast packets across a mesh
 *   network to all nodes over multiple hops.  Tests check
 *   the number of received packets and dropped packets
 *   with RFC 6621 de-duplication enabled or disabled.
 */
 
#include "ns3/boolean.h"
#include "ns3/config.h"
#include "ns3/double.h"
#include "ns3/inet-socket-address.h"
#include "ns3/internet-stack-helper.h"
#include "ns3/ipv4-address-helper.h"
#include "ns3/ipv4-l3-protocol.h"
#include "ns3/ipv4-list-routing-helper.h"
#include "ns3/ipv4-static-routing-helper.h"
#include "ns3/ipv4-static-routing.h"
#include "ns3/log.h"
#include "ns3/names.h"
#include "ns3/node.h"
#include "ns3/random-variable-stream.h"
#include "ns3/simple-channel.h"
#include "ns3/simple-net-device-helper.h"
#include "ns3/simple-net-device.h"
#include "ns3/simulator.h"
#include "ns3/socket.h"
#include "ns3/string.h"
#include "ns3/test.h"
#include "ns3/traffic-control-layer.h"
#include "ns3/udp-socket-factory.h"
#include "ns3/udp-socket.h"
#include "ns3/uinteger.h"
 
#include <functional>
#include <limits>
#include <string>
 
using namespace ns3;
 
class Ipv4DeduplicationTest : public TestCase
{
    void DoSendData(Ptr<Socket> socket, std::string to);
    void DoSendPacket(Ptr<Socket> socket, Ptr<Packet> packet, std::string to);
    void SendData(Ptr<Socket> socket, std::string to);
 
    void SendPacket(Ptr<Socket> socket, Ptr<Packet> packet, std::string to);
 
    void CheckPackets(const std::string& name);
 
    void CheckDrops(const std::string& name);
 
    static const Time DELAY; 
 
    static std::string MakeName(bool enable, Time expire);
 
    enum MODE
    {
        ENABLED = 0,
        DISABLED,
        DEGENERATE
    }; // enabled, but expiration time too low
 
    MODE m_mode;   
    Time m_expire; 
    std::map<std::string, uint32_t>
        m_packetCountMap; 
    std::map<std::string, uint32_t>
        m_dropCountMap; 
 
  public:
    void DoRun() override;
 
    Ipv4DeduplicationTest(bool enable, Time expire = Seconds(1));
 
    void ReceivePkt(Ptr<Socket> socket);
 
    void DropPkt(const Ipv4Header& ipHeader,
                 Ptr<const Packet> packet,
                 Ipv4L3Protocol::DropReason reason,
                 Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4,
                 uint32_t interface);
};
 
const Time Ipv4DeduplicationTest::DELAY = MilliSeconds(1);
 
Ipv4DeduplicationTest::Ipv4DeduplicationTest(bool enable, Time expire)
    : TestCase(MakeName(enable, expire)),
      m_mode(ENABLED),
      m_expire(expire)
{
    if (!enable)
    {
        m_mode = DISABLED;
    }
    else if (m_expire < DELAY)
    {
        m_mode = DEGENERATE;
    }
}
 
void
Ipv4DeduplicationTest::ReceivePkt(Ptr<Socket> socket)
{
    uint32_t availableData;
    availableData = socket->GetRxAvailable();
    Ptr<Packet> packet = socket->Recv(std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max(), 0);
    NS_TEST_ASSERT_MSG_EQ(availableData,
                          packet->GetSize(),
                          "Received packet size is not equal to the Rx buffer size");
 
    auto node = socket->GetNode();
    std::string name = Names::FindName(node);
    m_packetCountMap.insert({name, 0}); // only inserts when not there
    ++m_packetCountMap[name];
}
 
void
Ipv4DeduplicationTest::DropPkt(const Ipv4Header& ipHeader,
                               Ptr<const Packet> packet,
                               Ipv4L3Protocol::DropReason reason,
                               Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4,
                               uint32_t interface)
{
    switch (m_mode)
    {
    case ENABLED:
        NS_TEST_EXPECT_MSG_EQ(reason, Ipv4L3Protocol::DROP_DUPLICATE, "Wrong reason for drop");
        break;
    case DISABLED:
        NS_TEST_EXPECT_MSG_EQ(reason, Ipv4L3Protocol::DROP_TTL_EXPIRED, "Wrong reason for drop");
        break;
    case DEGENERATE:
        // reason can be either
        break;
    };
    auto node = ipv4->GetNetDevice(interface)->GetNode();
    std::string name = Names::FindName(node);
    m_dropCountMap.insert({name, 0});
    ++m_dropCountMap[name];
}
 
void
Ipv4DeduplicationTest::DoSendData(Ptr<Socket> socket, std::string to)
{
    SendPacket(socket, Create<Packet>(123), to);
}
 
void
Ipv4DeduplicationTest::DoSendPacket(Ptr<Socket> socket, Ptr<Packet> packet, std::string to)
{
    Address realTo = InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address(to.c_str()), 1234);
    NS_TEST_EXPECT_MSG_EQ(socket->SendTo(packet, 0, realTo), 123, "100");
}
 
void
Ipv4DeduplicationTest::SendData(Ptr<Socket> socket, std::string to)
{
    DoSendData(socket, to);
}
 
void
Ipv4DeduplicationTest::SendPacket(Ptr<Socket> socket, Ptr<Packet> packet, std::string to)
{
    Simulator::ScheduleWithContext(socket->GetNode()->GetId(),
                                   MilliSeconds(50),
                                   &Ipv4DeduplicationTest::DoSendPacket,
                                   this,
                                   socket,
                                   packet,
                                   to);
}
 
std::string
Ipv4DeduplicationTest::MakeName(bool enabled, Time expire)
{
    std::ostringstream oss;
    oss << "IP v4 RFC 6621 De-duplication: ";
    if (!enabled)
    {
        oss << "disabled";
    }
    else if (expire > DELAY)
    {
        oss << "enabled";
    }
    else
    {
        oss << "degenerate";
    }
    oss << ", expire = " << expire.ToDouble(Time::MS) << "ms";
 
    return oss.str();
}
 
void
Ipv4DeduplicationTest::DoRun()
{
    // multicast target
    const std::string targetAddr = "239.192.100.1";
    Config::SetDefault("ns3::Ipv4L3Protocol::EnableDuplicatePacketDetection",
                       BooleanValue(m_mode != DISABLED));
    Config::SetDefault("ns3::Ipv4L3Protocol::DuplicateExpire", TimeValue(m_expire));
 
    // Create topology
 
    // Create nodes
    auto nodes = NodeContainer();
    nodes.Create(5);
 
    // Name nodes
    Names::Add("A", nodes.Get(0));
    Names::Add("B", nodes.Get(1));
    Names::Add("C", nodes.Get(2));
    Names::Add("D", nodes.Get(3));
    Names::Add("E", nodes.Get(4));
 
    SimpleNetDeviceHelper simplenet;
    auto devices = simplenet.Install(nodes);
    // name devices
    Names::Add("A/dev", devices.Get(0));
    Names::Add("B/dev", devices.Get(1));
    Names::Add("C/dev", devices.Get(2));
    Names::Add("D/dev", devices.Get(3));
    Names::Add("E/dev", devices.Get(4));
 
    Ipv4ListRoutingHelper listRouting;
    Ipv4StaticRoutingHelper staticRouting;
    listRouting.Add(staticRouting, 0);
 
    InternetStackHelper internet;
    internet.SetIpv6StackInstall(false);
    internet.SetIpv4ArpJitter(true);
    internet.SetRoutingHelper(listRouting);
    internet.Install(nodes);
 
    Ipv4AddressHelper ipv4address;
    ipv4address.SetBase("10.0.0.0", "255.255.255.0");
    ipv4address.Assign(devices);
 
    // add static routes for each node / device
    auto diter = devices.Begin();
    for (auto end = nodes.End(), iter = nodes.Begin(); iter != end; ++iter)
    {
        // route for forwarding
        staticRouting.AddMulticastRoute(*iter,
                                        Ipv4Address::GetAny(),
                                        targetAddr.c_str(),
                                        *diter,
                                        NetDeviceContainer(*diter));
 
        // route for host
        // Use host routing entry according to note in Ipv4StaticRouting::RouteOutput:
        auto ipv4 = (*iter)->GetObject<Ipv4>();
        NS_TEST_ASSERT_MSG_EQ((bool)ipv4,
                              true,
                              "Node " << Names::FindName(*iter) << " does not have Ipv4 aggregate");
        auto routing = staticRouting.GetStaticRouting(ipv4);
        routing->AddHostRouteTo(targetAddr.c_str(), ipv4->GetInterfaceForDevice(*diter), 0);
 
        ++diter;
    }
 
    // set the topology, by default fully-connected
    auto channel = devices.Get(0)->GetChannel();
    auto simplechannel = channel->GetObject<SimpleChannel>();
    // ensure some time progress between re-transmissions
    simplechannel->SetAttribute("Delay", TimeValue(DELAY));
    simplechannel->BlackList(Names::Find<SimpleNetDevice>("A/dev"),
                             Names::Find<SimpleNetDevice>("D/dev"));
    simplechannel->BlackList(Names::Find<SimpleNetDevice>("D/dev"),
                             Names::Find<SimpleNetDevice>("A/dev"));
 
    simplechannel->BlackList(Names::Find<SimpleNetDevice>("A/dev"),
                             Names::Find<SimpleNetDevice>("E/dev"));
    simplechannel->BlackList(Names::Find<SimpleNetDevice>("E/dev"),
                             Names::Find<SimpleNetDevice>("A/dev"));
 
    simplechannel->BlackList(Names::Find<SimpleNetDevice>("B/dev"),
                             Names::Find<SimpleNetDevice>("E/dev"));
    simplechannel->BlackList(Names::Find<SimpleNetDevice>("E/dev"),
                             Names::Find<SimpleNetDevice>("B/dev"));
 
    simplechannel->BlackList(Names::Find<SimpleNetDevice>("C/dev"),
                             Names::Find<SimpleNetDevice>("E/dev"));
    simplechannel->BlackList(Names::Find<SimpleNetDevice>("E/dev"),
                             Names::Find<SimpleNetDevice>("C/dev"));
 
    // Create the UDP sockets
    std::list<Ptr<Socket>> sockets;
    for (auto end = nodes.End(), iter = nodes.Begin(); iter != end; ++iter)
    {
        auto SocketFactory = (*iter)->GetObject<UdpSocketFactory>();
        auto socket = SocketFactory->CreateSocket();
        socket->SetAllowBroadcast(true);
        NS_TEST_EXPECT_MSG_EQ(socket->Bind(InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address::GetAny(), 1234)),
                              0,
                              "Could not bind socket for node " << Names::FindName(*iter));
 
        auto udpSocket = socket->GetObject<UdpSocket>();
        udpSocket->MulticastJoinGroup(0, Ipv4Address(targetAddr.c_str())); // future proof?
        udpSocket->SetAttribute("IpMulticastTtl", StringValue("4"));
 
        socket->SetRecvCallback(MakeCallback(&Ipv4DeduplicationTest::ReceivePkt, this));
        sockets.push_back(socket);
    }
 
    // connect up drop traces
    Config::ConnectWithoutContext("/NodeList/*/$ns3::Ipv4L3Protocol/Drop",
                                  MakeCallback(&Ipv4DeduplicationTest::DropPkt, this));
 
    // start TX from A
    auto txSocket = sockets.front();
 
    // ------ Now the tests ------------
 
    // Broadcast 1 packet
    SendData(txSocket, targetAddr);
    Simulator::Run();
    Simulator::Destroy();
 
    for (auto end = nodes.End(), iter = nodes.Begin(); iter != end; ++iter)
    {
        std::string name = Names::FindName(*iter);
        CheckPackets(name);
        CheckDrops(name);
    }
 
    m_packetCountMap.clear();
    sockets.clear();
    Names::Clear();
}
 
// NOTE:
// The de-duplicate disabled received packets and drops can be
// computed by forming the connectivity matrix C with 1's in
// coordinates (row, column) where row and column nodes are connected.
// Reception of packets with TTL n are v_(n-1) = v_n * C where
// v_TTL = [1 0 0 0 0] (corresponding to nodes [A B C D E]).
// The number of drops for each node is v_0 and the number of received
// packets at each node is sum (v_TTL-1, ..., v_0).
void
Ipv4DeduplicationTest::CheckPackets(const std::string& name)
{
    // a priori determined packet receptions based on initial TTL of 4, disabled de-dup
    std::map<std::string, uint32_t> packets = {
        {"A", 14},
        {"B", 16},
        {"C", 16},
        {"D", 16},
        {"E", 4},
    };
 
    // a priori determined packet receptions based on
    std::map<std::string, uint32_t> packetsDuped = {
        {"A", 0},
        {"B", 1},
        {"C", 1},
        {"D", 1},
        {"E", 1},
    };
    // a priori determined packet receptions based on initial TTL of 4, degenerate de-dup
    // There are TTL (4) rounds of packets.  Each round a node will register a
    // received packet if another connected node transmits.  A misses the 1st round
    // since it is the only one transmitting.  D is not connected to A in 1st round
    // either.  E only hears a packet in the 3rd and 4th rounds.
    std::map<std::string, uint32_t> degenerates = {
        {"A", 3},
        {"B", 4},
        {"C", 4},
        {"D", 3},
        {"E", 2},
    };
 
    switch (m_mode)
    {
    case ENABLED:
        NS_TEST_ASSERT_MSG_EQ(m_packetCountMap[name],
                              packetsDuped[name],
                              "Wrong number of packets received for node " << name);
        break;
    case DISABLED:
        NS_TEST_EXPECT_MSG_EQ(m_packetCountMap[name],
                              packets[name],
                              "Wrong number of packets received for node " << name);
        break;
    case DEGENERATE:
        NS_TEST_EXPECT_MSG_EQ(m_packetCountMap[name],
                              degenerates[name],
                              "Wrong number of packets received for node " << name);
        break;
    };
}
 
void
Ipv4DeduplicationTest::CheckDrops(const std::string& name)
{
    std::map<std::string, uint32_t> drops;
    switch (m_mode)
    {
    case ENABLED:
        // a priori determined packet drops based on initial TTL of 4, enabled de-dup;
        // A hears from B & C -- > 2 drops
        // D hears from B, C, AND E
        // B (C) hears from A, C (B), D,
        drops = {{"A", 2}, {"B", 2}, {"C", 2}, {"D", 2}, {"E", 0}};
        break;
    case DISABLED:
        // a priori determined packet drops based on initial TTL of 4, disabled de-dup
        drops = {{"A", 10}, {"B", 9}, {"C", 9}, {"D", 12}, {"E", 2}};
        break;
    case DEGENERATE:
        // a priori determined packet drops based on initial TTL of 4, degenerate de-dup
        // There are TTL (4) rounds of transmissions.  Since all transmitters are
        // synchronized, multiple packets are received each round when there are
        // multiple transmitters.  Only 1 packet per round is delivered, others are
        // dropped.  So this can be computed via "disabled" procedure described
        // in check packets, but with only a 1 for each node in each round when packets
        // are received.  Drops are the sum of receptions using these indicator receive vectors
        // subtracting 1 for each node (for the delivered packet) and adding 1
        // at all nodes for TTL expiry.
        drops = {{"A", 4}, {"B", 5}, {"C", 5}, {"D", 5}, {"E", 1}};
        break;
    }
 
    if (drops[name])
    {
        NS_TEST_ASSERT_MSG_NE((m_dropCountMap.find(name) == m_dropCountMap.end()),
                              true,
                              "No drops for node " << name);
        NS_TEST_EXPECT_MSG_EQ(m_dropCountMap[name],
                              drops[name],
                              "Wrong number of drops for node " << name);
    }
    else
    {
        NS_TEST_EXPECT_MSG_EQ((m_dropCountMap.find(name) == m_dropCountMap.end()),
                              true,
                              "Non-0 drops for node " << name);
    }
}
 
class Ipv4DeduplicationTestSuite : public TestSuite
{
  public:
    Ipv4DeduplicationTestSuite();
 
  private:
};
 
Ipv4DeduplicationTestSuite::Ipv4DeduplicationTestSuite()
    : TestSuite("ipv4-deduplication", UNIT)
{
    AddTestCase(new Ipv4DeduplicationTest(true), TestCase::QUICK);
    AddTestCase(new Ipv4DeduplicationTest(false), TestCase::QUICK);
    // degenerate case is enabled RFC but with too short an expiry
    AddTestCase(new Ipv4DeduplicationTest(true, MicroSeconds(50)), TestCase::QUICK);
}
 
static Ipv4DeduplicationTestSuite
    g_ipv4DeduplicationTestSuite; 
 
class Ipv4DeduplicationPerformanceTest : public TestCase
{
  public:
    Ipv4DeduplicationPerformanceTest();
    void DoRun() override;
 
  private:
    std::vector<Ptr<Socket>> m_sockets; 
    std::vector<uint8_t> m_txPackets;   
    uint8_t m_target;                   
 
    void DoSendData(Ptr<Socket> socket, Address to, uint8_t socketIndex);
};
 
Ipv4DeduplicationPerformanceTest::Ipv4DeduplicationPerformanceTest()
    : TestCase("Ipv4Deduplication performance test")
{
    m_target = 40;
}
 
void
Ipv4DeduplicationPerformanceTest::DoRun()
{
    // multicast target
    const std::string targetAddr = "239.192.100.1";
    Config::SetDefault("ns3::Ipv4L3Protocol::EnableDuplicatePacketDetection", BooleanValue(true));
    Config::SetDefault("ns3::Ipv4L3Protocol::DuplicateExpire", TimeValue(Time("10s")));
 
    // Create nodes
    auto nodes = NodeContainer();
    nodes.Create(20);
 
    SimpleNetDeviceHelper simplenet;
    auto devices = simplenet.Install(nodes);
 
    Ipv4ListRoutingHelper listRouting;
    Ipv4StaticRoutingHelper staticRouting;
    listRouting.Add(staticRouting, 0);
 
    InternetStackHelper internet;
    internet.SetIpv6StackInstall(false);
    internet.SetIpv4ArpJitter(true);
    internet.SetRoutingHelper(listRouting);
    internet.Install(nodes);
 
    Ipv4AddressHelper ipv4address;
    ipv4address.SetBase("10.0.0.0", "255.255.255.0");
    ipv4address.Assign(devices);
 
    // add static routes for each node / device
    auto diter = devices.Begin();
    for (auto iter = nodes.Begin(); iter != nodes.End(); ++iter)
    {
        // route for forwarding
        staticRouting.AddMulticastRoute(*iter,
                                        Ipv4Address::GetAny(),
                                        targetAddr.c_str(),
                                        *diter,
                                        NetDeviceContainer(*diter));
 
        // route for host
        // Use host routing entry according to note in Ipv4StaticRouting::RouteOutput:
        auto ipv4 = (*iter)->GetObject<Ipv4>();
        NS_TEST_ASSERT_MSG_EQ((bool)ipv4,
                              true,
                              "Node " << (*iter)->GetId() << " does not have Ipv4 aggregate");
        auto routing = staticRouting.GetStaticRouting(ipv4);
        routing->AddHostRouteTo(targetAddr.c_str(), ipv4->GetInterfaceForDevice(*diter), 0);
 
        ++diter;
    }
 
    // Create the UDP sockets
    Ptr<UniformRandomVariable> jitter =
        CreateObjectWithAttributes<UniformRandomVariable>("Max", DoubleValue(4));
    Address to = InetSocketAddress(Ipv4Address(targetAddr.c_str()), 1234);
    for (auto iter = nodes.Begin(); iter != nodes.End(); ++iter)
    {
        Ptr<SocketFactory> udpSocketFactory = (*iter)->GetObject<UdpSocketFactory>();
        m_sockets.push_back(udpSocketFactory->CreateSocket());
        m_txPackets.push_back(0);
    }
 
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < nodes.GetN(); i++)
    {
        Simulator::ScheduleWithContext(m_sockets[i]->GetNode()->GetId(),
                                       Seconds(4 + jitter->GetValue()),
                                       &Ipv4DeduplicationPerformanceTest::DoSendData,
                                       this,
                                       m_sockets[i],
                                       to,
                                       i);
    }
 
    Simulator::Run();
    NS_LOG_UNCOND("Executed " << Simulator::GetEventCount() << " events");
 
    for (auto iter = m_sockets.begin(); iter != m_sockets.end(); iter++)
    {
        (*iter)->Close();
    }
 
    Simulator::Destroy();
}
 
void
Ipv4DeduplicationPerformanceTest::DoSendData(Ptr<Socket> socket, Address to, uint8_t socketIndex)
{
    socket->SendTo(Create<Packet>(512), 0, to);
    if (m_txPackets[socketIndex] < m_target)
    {
        m_txPackets[socketIndex] += 1;
        Simulator::ScheduleWithContext(m_sockets[socketIndex]->GetNode()->GetId(),
                                       Seconds(.5),
                                       &Ipv4DeduplicationPerformanceTest::DoSendData,
                                       this,
                                       m_sockets[socketIndex],
                                       to,
                                       socketIndex);
    }
}
 
class Ipv4DeduplicationPerformanceTestSuite : public TestSuite
{
  public:
    Ipv4DeduplicationPerformanceTestSuite();
};
 
Ipv4DeduplicationPerformanceTestSuite::Ipv4DeduplicationPerformanceTestSuite()
    : TestSuite("ipv4-deduplication-performance", PERFORMANCE)
{
    AddTestCase(new Ipv4DeduplicationPerformanceTest, TestCase::EXTENSIVE);
}
 
static Ipv4DeduplicationPerformanceTestSuite
    g_ipv4DeduplicationPerformanceTestSuite;