Traceroute application sends one ICMP ECHO request with TTL=1, and after receiving an ICMP TIME EXCEED reply, it increases the TTL and repeat the process to reveal all the intermediate hops to the destination. More...

#include "v4traceroute.h"

Inheritance diagram for ns3::V4TraceRoute:

Collaboration diagram for ns3::V4TraceRoute:

Public Member Functions
	V4TraceRoute ()

virtual	~V4TraceRoute ()

void	Print (Ptr< OutputStreamWrapper > stream)
	Prints the application traced routes into a given OutputStream. More...

Public Member Functions inherited from ns3::Application
	Application ()

virtual	~Application ()

Ptr< Node >	GetNode () const

void	SetNode (Ptr< Node > node)

void	SetStartTime (Time start)
	Specify application start time. More...

void	SetStopTime (Time stop)
	Specify application stop time. More...

Public Member Functions inherited from ns3::Object
	Object ()
	Constructor. More...

virtual	~Object ()
	Destructor. More...

void	AggregateObject (Ptr< Object > other)
	Aggregate two Objects together. More...

void	Dispose (void)
	Dispose of this Object. More...

AggregateIterator	GetAggregateIterator (void) const
	Get an iterator to the Objects aggregated to this one. More...

virtual TypeId	GetInstanceTypeId (void) const
	Get the most derived TypeId for this Object. More...

template<typename T >
Ptr< T >	GetObject (void) const
	Get a pointer to the requested aggregated Object. More...

template<typename T >
Ptr< T >	GetObject (TypeId tid) const
	Get a pointer to the requested aggregated Object by TypeId. More...

template<>
Ptr< Object >	GetObject () const
	Specialization of () for objects of type ns3::Object. More...

template<>
Ptr< Object >	GetObject (TypeId tid) const
	Specialization of (TypeId tid) for objects of type ns3::Object. More...

void	Initialize (void)
	Invoke DoInitialize on all Objects aggregated to this one. More...

bool	IsInitialized (void) const
	Check if the object has been initialized. More...

Public Member Functions inherited from ns3::SimpleRefCount< Object, ObjectBase, ObjectDeleter >
	SimpleRefCount ()
	Default constructor. More...

	SimpleRefCount (const SimpleRefCount &o)
	Copy constructor. More...

uint32_t	GetReferenceCount (void) const
	Get the reference count of the object. More...

SimpleRefCount &	operator= (const SimpleRefCount &o)
	Assignment operator. More...

void	Ref (void) const
	Increment the reference count. More...

void	Unref (void) const
	Decrement the reference count. More...

Public Member Functions inherited from ns3::ObjectBase
virtual	~ObjectBase ()
	Virtual destructor. More...

void	GetAttribute (std::string name, AttributeValue &value) const
	Get the value of an attribute, raising fatal errors if unsuccessful. More...

bool	GetAttributeFailSafe (std::string name, AttributeValue &value) const
	Get the value of an attribute without raising erros. More...

void	SetAttribute (std::string name, const AttributeValue &value)
	Set a single attribute, raising fatal errors if unsuccessful. More...

bool	SetAttributeFailSafe (std::string name, const AttributeValue &value)
	Set a single attribute without raising errors. More...

bool	TraceConnect (std::string name, std::string context, const CallbackBase &cb)
	Connect a TraceSource to a Callback with a context. More...

bool	TraceConnectWithoutContext (std::string name, const CallbackBase &cb)
	Connect a TraceSource to a Callback without a context. More...

bool	TraceDisconnect (std::string name, std::string context, const CallbackBase &cb)
	Disconnect from a TraceSource a Callback previously connected with a context. More...

bool	TraceDisconnectWithoutContext (std::string name, const CallbackBase &cb)
	Disconnect from a TraceSource a Callback previously connected without a context. More...

Static Public Member Functions
static TypeId	GetTypeId (void)
	Get the type ID. More...

Static Public Member Functions inherited from ns3::Application
static TypeId	GetTypeId (void)
	Get the type ID. More...

Static Public Member Functions inherited from ns3::Object
static TypeId	GetTypeId (void)
	Register this type. More...

Static Public Member Functions inherited from ns3::ObjectBase
static TypeId	GetTypeId (void)
	Get the type ID. More...

Private Member Functions
virtual void	DoDispose (void)
	Destructor implementation. More...

uint32_t	GetApplicationId (void) const
	Return the application ID in the node. More...

void	HandleWaitReplyTimeout ()
	Triggers an action if an ICMP TIME EXCEED have not being received in the time defined by StartWaitReplyTimer. More...

void	Receive (Ptr< Socket > socket)
	Receive an ICMP Echo. More...

void	Send ()
	Send one (ICMP ECHO) to the destination. More...

virtual void	StartApplication (void)
	Application specific startup code. More...

void	StartWaitReplyTimer ()
	Starts a timer after sending an ICMP ECHO. More...

virtual void	StopApplication (void)
	Application specific shutdown code. More...

Private Attributes
Time	m_interval
	Wait interval seconds between sending each packet. More...

uint16_t	m_maxProbes
	The maximum number of probe packets per hop. More...

uint32_t	m_maxTtl
	The maximium Ttl (Max number of hops to trace) More...

EventId	m_next
	Next packet will be sent. More...

uint32_t	m_probeCount
	The Current probe value. More...

Ipv4Address	m_remote
	Remote address. More...

std::map< uint16_t, Time >	m_sent
	All sent but not answered packets. Map icmp seqno -> when sent. More...

uint16_t	m_seq
	ICMP ECHO sequence number. More...

uint32_t	m_size
	Specifies the number of data bytes to be sent. More...

Ptr< Socket >	m_socket
	The socket we send packets from. More...

Time	m_started
	Start time to report total ping time. More...

uint16_t	m_ttl
	The current TTL value. More...

bool	m_verbose
	produce traceroute style output if true More...

Time	m_waitIcmpReplyTimeout
	The wait time until the response is considered lost. More...

EventId	m_waitIcmpReplyTimer
	The timer used to wait for the probes ICMP replies. More...

std::ostringstream	os
	Stream of characters used for printing the traceroute results. More...

std::ostringstream	osRoute
	Stream of characters used for printing a single route. More...

Ptr< OutputStreamWrapper >	printStream
	Stream of the traceroute used for the output file. More...

std::ostringstream	routeIpv4
	The Ipv4 address of the latest hop found. More...

Additional Inherited Members
Public Types inherited from ns3::Application
typedef void(*	DelayAddressCallback) (const Time &delay, const Address &from)
	Common callback signature for packet delay and address. More...

typedef void(*	StateTransitionCallback) (const std::string &oldState, const std::string &newState)
	Common signature used by callbacks to application's state transition trace source. More...

Protected Member Functions inherited from ns3::Application
virtual void	DoInitialize (void)
	Initialize() implementation. More...

Protected Member Functions inherited from ns3::Object
	Object (const Object &o)
	Copy an Object. More...

virtual void	NotifyNewAggregate (void)
	Notify all Objects aggregated to this one of a new Object being aggregated. More...

Protected Member Functions inherited from ns3::ObjectBase
void	ConstructSelf (const AttributeConstructionList &attributes)
	Complete construction of ObjectBase; invoked by derived classes. More...

virtual void	NotifyConstructionCompleted (void)
	Notifier called once the ObjectBase is fully constructed. More...

Protected Attributes inherited from ns3::Application
Ptr< Node >	m_node
	The node that this application is installed on. More...

EventId	m_startEvent
	The event that will fire at m_startTime to start the application. More...

Time	m_startTime
	The simulation time that the application will start. More...

EventId	m_stopEvent
	The event that will fire at m_stopTime to end the application. More...

Time	m_stopTime
	The simulation time that the application will end. More...

Related Functions inherited from ns3::ObjectBase
static TypeId	GetObjectIid (void)
	Ensure the TypeId for ObjectBase gets fully configured to anchor the inheritance tree properly. More...

Detailed Description

Traceroute application sends one ICMP ECHO request with TTL=1, and after receiving an ICMP TIME EXCEED reply, it increases the TTL and repeat the process to reveal all the intermediate hops to the destination.

Config Paths

ns3::V4TraceRoute is accessible through the following paths with Config::Set and Config::Connect:

"/NodeList/[i]/ApplicationList/[i]/$ns3::V4TraceRoute"

Attributes

Remote: The address of the machine we want to trace.
- Set with class: Ipv4AddressValue
- Underlying type: Ipv4Address
- Initial value: 102.102.102.102
- Flags: construct write read
Verbose: Produce usual output.
- Set with class: BooleanValue
- Underlying type: bool
- Initial value: true
- Flags: construct write read
Interval: Wait interval between sent packets.
- Set with class: ns3::TimeValue
- Underlying type: Time -9.22337e+18ns:+9.22337e+18ns
- Initial value: +0ns
- Flags: construct write read
Size: The number of data bytes to be sent, real packet will be 8 (ICMP) + 20 (IP) bytes longer.
- Set with class: ns3::UintegerValue
- Underlying type: uint32_t 0:4294967295
- Initial value: 56
- Flags: construct write read
MaxHop: The maximum number of hops to trace.
- Set with class: ns3::UintegerValue
- Underlying type: uint32_t 0:4294967295
- Initial value: 30
- Flags: construct write read
ProbeNum: The number of packets send to each hop.
- Set with class: ns3::UintegerValue
- Underlying type: uint16_t 0:65535
- Initial value: 3
- Flags: construct write read
Timeout: The waiting time for a route response before a timeout.
- Set with class: ns3::TimeValue
- Underlying type: Time -9.22337e+18ns:+9.22337e+18ns
- Initial value: +5e+09ns
- Flags: construct write read

Attributes defined in parent class ns3::Application

StartTime: Time at which the application will start
- Set with class: ns3::TimeValue
- Underlying type: Time -9.22337e+18ns:+9.22337e+18ns
- Initial value: +0ns
- Flags: construct write read
StopTime: Time at which the application will stop
- Set with class: ns3::TimeValue
- Underlying type: Time -9.22337e+18ns:+9.22337e+18ns
- Initial value: +0ns
- Flags: construct write read

No TraceSources are defined for this type.
Size of this type is 1336 bytes (on a 64-bit architecture).

Definition at line 50 of file v4traceroute.h.

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ V4TraceRoute()

ns3::V4TraceRoute::V4TraceRoute ( )

Definition at line 88 of file v4traceroute.cc.

References osRoute, and routeIpv4.

◆ ~V4TraceRoute()

ns3::V4TraceRoute::~V4TraceRoute ( )

virtual

Definition at line 105 of file v4traceroute.cc.

Member Function Documentation

◆ DoDispose()

void ns3::V4TraceRoute::DoDispose ( void )

privatevirtual

Destructor implementation.

This method is called by Dispose() or by the Object's destructor, whichever comes first.

Subclasses are expected to implement their real destruction code in an overridden version of this method and chain up to their parent's implementation once they are done. i.e, for simplicity, the destructor of every subclass should be empty and its content should be moved to the associated DoDispose() method.

It is safe to call GetObject() from within this method.

Reimplemented from ns3::Application.

Definition at line 188 of file v4traceroute.cc.

References ns3::Application::DoDispose(), ns3::EventId::IsRunning(), m_next, m_socket, m_waitIcmpReplyTimer, NS_LOG_FUNCTION, and StopApplication().

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◆ GetApplicationId()

uint32_t ns3::V4TraceRoute::GetApplicationId ( void ) const

private

Return the application ID in the node.

Returns: the application id

Definition at line 203 of file v4traceroute.cc.

References ns3::Node::GetApplication(), ns3::Node::GetNApplications(), ns3::Application::GetNode(), NS_ASSERT_MSG, and NS_LOG_FUNCTION.

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◆ GetTypeId()

TypeId ns3::V4TraceRoute::GetTypeId ( void )

static

Get the type ID.

Returns: the object TypeId

Definition at line 47 of file v4traceroute.cc.

References m_interval, m_maxProbes, m_maxTtl, m_remote, m_size, m_verbose, m_waitIcmpReplyTimeout, ns3::MakeBooleanAccessor(), ns3::MakeBooleanChecker(), ns3::MakeIpv4AddressAccessor(), ns3::MakeIpv4AddressChecker(), ns3::MakeTimeAccessor(), ns3::MakeTimeChecker(), ns3::MakeUintegerAccessor(), ns3::Seconds(), and ns3::TypeId::SetParent().

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◆ HandleWaitReplyTimeout()

void ns3::V4TraceRoute::HandleWaitReplyTimeout ( void )

private

Triggers an action if an ICMP TIME EXCEED have not being received in the time defined by StartWaitReplyTimer.

Definition at line 440 of file v4traceroute.cc.

References ns3::OutputStreamWrapper::GetStream(), m_interval, m_maxProbes, m_maxTtl, m_next, m_probeCount, m_ttl, m_verbose, NS_LOG_UNCOND, osRoute, printStream, routeIpv4, ns3::Simulator::Schedule(), and StartWaitReplyTimer().

Referenced by StartWaitReplyTimer().

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◆ Print()

void ns3::V4TraceRoute::Print ( Ptr< OutputStreamWrapper > stream )

Prints the application traced routes into a given OutputStream.

Parameters

stream the output stream

Definition at line 112 of file v4traceroute.cc.

References printStream.

◆ Receive()

void ns3::V4TraceRoute::Receive ( Ptr< Socket > socket )

private

Receive an ICMP Echo.

Parameters

socket the receiving socket

This function is called by lower layers through a callback.

Definition at line 219 of file v4traceroute.cc.

References ns3::Time::As(), ns3::EventId::Cancel(), ns3::InetSocketAddress::ConvertFrom(), data, ns3::Icmpv4Echo::GetData(), ns3::Icmpv4TimeExceeded::GetData(), ns3::Icmpv4Echo::GetDataSize(), ns3::Icmpv4Echo::GetIdentifier(), ns3::InetSocketAddress::GetIpv4(), ns3::InetSocketAddress::GetPort(), ns3::Socket::GetRxAvailable(), ns3::Icmpv4Echo::GetSequenceNumber(), ns3::Packet::GetSize(), ns3::OutputStreamWrapper::GetStream(), ns3::Icmpv4Header::ICMPV4_ECHO_REPLY, ns3::Icmpv4Header::ICMPV4_TIME_EXCEEDED, ns3::InetSocketAddress::IsMatchingType(), m_interval, m_maxProbes, m_maxTtl, m_next, m_probeCount, m_remote, m_sent, m_size, m_socket, m_ttl, m_verbose, m_waitIcmpReplyTimer, ns3::Time::MS, ns3::Simulator::Now(), NS_ASSERT, NS_LOG_DEBUG, NS_LOG_FUNCTION, NS_LOG_UNCOND, osRoute, printStream, ns3::Icmpv4L4Protocol::PROT_NUMBER, ns3::Socket::RecvFrom(), ns3::Packet::RemoveHeader(), routeIpv4, ns3::Simulator::Schedule(), StartWaitReplyTimer(), and StopApplication().

Referenced by StartApplication().

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◆ Send()

void ns3::V4TraceRoute::Send ( void )

private

Send one (ICMP ECHO) to the destination.

Definition at line 366 of file v4traceroute.cc.

References ns3::Packet::AddHeader(), ns3::Node::ChecksumEnabled(), data, ns3::Icmpv4Header::EnableChecksum(), ns3::Icmpv4Header::ICMPV4_ECHO, m_maxProbes, m_probeCount, m_remote, m_sent, m_seq, m_size, m_socket, m_ttl, ns3::Simulator::Now(), NS_ASSERT, NS_LOG_INFO, ns3::Socket::SendTo(), ns3::Icmpv4Header::SetCode(), ns3::Socket::SetIpTtl(), ns3::Icmpv4Echo::SetSequenceNumber(), and ns3::Icmpv4Header::SetType().

Referenced by StartWaitReplyTimer().

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◆ StartApplication()

void ns3::V4TraceRoute::StartApplication ( void )

privatevirtual

Application specific startup code.

The StartApplication method is called at the start time specified by Start This method should be overridden by all or most application subclasses.

Reimplemented from ns3::Application.

Definition at line 118 of file v4traceroute.cc.

References ns3::Socket::Bind(), ns3::Socket::CreateSocket(), ns3::Ipv4Address::GetAny(), ns3::Application::GetNode(), ns3::OutputStreamWrapper::GetStream(), ns3::TypeId::LookupByName(), m_maxTtl, m_next, m_remote, m_size, m_socket, m_started, m_verbose, ns3::MakeCallback(), ns3::Simulator::Now(), NS_ASSERT, NS_LOG_FUNCTION, NS_LOG_LOGIC, NS_LOG_UNCOND, printStream, ns3::Icmpv4L4Protocol::PROT_NUMBER, Receive(), ns3::Simulator::ScheduleNow(), ns3::ObjectBase::SetAttribute(), ns3::Socket::SetRecvCallback(), and StartWaitReplyTimer().

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◆ StartWaitReplyTimer()

void ns3::V4TraceRoute::StartWaitReplyTimer ( void )

private

Starts a timer after sending an ICMP ECHO.

Definition at line 424 of file v4traceroute.cc.

References HandleWaitReplyTimeout(), ns3::EventId::IsRunning(), m_waitIcmpReplyTimeout, m_waitIcmpReplyTimer, ns3::Simulator::Now(), NS_LOG_FUNCTION, NS_LOG_LOGIC, ns3::Simulator::Schedule(), and Send().

Referenced by HandleWaitReplyTimeout(), Receive(), and StartApplication().

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◆ StopApplication()

void ns3::V4TraceRoute::StopApplication ( void )

privatevirtual

Application specific shutdown code.

The StopApplication method is called at the stop time specified by Stop This method should be overridden by all or most application subclasses.

Reimplemented from ns3::Application.

Definition at line 157 of file v4traceroute.cc.

References ns3::EventId::Cancel(), ns3::Socket::Close(), ns3::OutputStreamWrapper::GetStream(), ns3::EventId::IsRunning(), m_next, m_socket, m_verbose, m_waitIcmpReplyTimer, NS_LOG_FUNCTION, NS_LOG_UNCOND, and printStream.

Referenced by DoDispose(), and Receive().

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Member Data Documentation

◆ m_interval

Time ns3::V4TraceRoute::m_interval

private

Wait interval seconds between sending each packet.

Definition at line 98 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by GetTypeId(), HandleWaitReplyTimeout(), and Receive().

◆ m_maxProbes

uint16_t ns3::V4TraceRoute::m_maxProbes

private

The maximum number of probe packets per hop.

Definition at line 118 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by GetTypeId(), HandleWaitReplyTimeout(), Receive(), and Send().

◆ m_maxTtl

uint32_t ns3::V4TraceRoute::m_maxTtl

private

The maximium Ttl (Max number of hops to trace)

Definition at line 122 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by GetTypeId(), HandleWaitReplyTimeout(), Receive(), and StartApplication().

◆ m_next

EventId ns3::V4TraceRoute::m_next

private

Next packet will be sent.

Definition at line 114 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by DoDispose(), HandleWaitReplyTimeout(), Receive(), StartApplication(), and StopApplication().

◆ m_probeCount

uint32_t ns3::V4TraceRoute::m_probeCount

private

The Current probe value.

Definition at line 116 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by HandleWaitReplyTimeout(), Receive(), and Send().

◆ m_remote

Ipv4Address ns3::V4TraceRoute::m_remote

private

Remote address.

Definition at line 95 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by GetTypeId(), Receive(), Send(), and StartApplication().

◆ m_sent

std::map<uint16_t, Time> ns3::V4TraceRoute::m_sent

private

All sent but not answered packets. Map icmp seqno -> when sent.

Definition at line 128 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by Receive(), and Send().

◆ m_seq

uint16_t ns3::V4TraceRoute::m_seq

private

ICMP ECHO sequence number.

Definition at line 108 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by Send().

◆ m_size

uint32_t ns3::V4TraceRoute::m_size

private

Specifies the number of data bytes to be sent.

The default is 56, which translates into 64 ICMP data bytes when combined with the 8 bytes of ICMP header data.

Definition at line 104 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by GetTypeId(), Receive(), Send(), and StartApplication().

◆ m_socket

Ptr<Socket> ns3::V4TraceRoute::m_socket

private

The socket we send packets from.

Definition at line 106 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by DoDispose(), Receive(), Send(), StartApplication(), and StopApplication().

◆ m_started

Time ns3::V4TraceRoute::m_started

private

Start time to report total ping time.

Definition at line 112 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by StartApplication().

◆ m_ttl

uint16_t ns3::V4TraceRoute::m_ttl

private

The current TTL value.

Definition at line 120 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by HandleWaitReplyTimeout(), Receive(), and Send().

◆ m_verbose

bool ns3::V4TraceRoute::m_verbose

private

produce traceroute style output if true

Definition at line 110 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by GetTypeId(), HandleWaitReplyTimeout(), Receive(), StartApplication(), and StopApplication().

◆ m_waitIcmpReplyTimeout

Time ns3::V4TraceRoute::m_waitIcmpReplyTimeout

private

The wait time until the response is considered lost.

Definition at line 124 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by GetTypeId(), and StartWaitReplyTimer().

◆ m_waitIcmpReplyTimer

EventId ns3::V4TraceRoute::m_waitIcmpReplyTimer

private

The timer used to wait for the probes ICMP replies.

Definition at line 126 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by DoDispose(), Receive(), StartWaitReplyTimer(), and StopApplication().

◆ os

std::ostringstream ns3::V4TraceRoute::os

private

Stream of characters used for printing the traceroute results.

Definition at line 130 of file v4traceroute.h.

◆ osRoute

std::ostringstream ns3::V4TraceRoute::osRoute

private

Stream of characters used for printing a single route.

Definition at line 132 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by HandleWaitReplyTimeout(), Receive(), and V4TraceRoute().

◆ printStream

Ptr<OutputStreamWrapper> ns3::V4TraceRoute::printStream

private

Stream of the traceroute used for the output file.

Definition at line 136 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by HandleWaitReplyTimeout(), Print(), Receive(), StartApplication(), and StopApplication().

◆ routeIpv4

std::ostringstream ns3::V4TraceRoute::routeIpv4

private

The Ipv4 address of the latest hop found.

Definition at line 134 of file v4traceroute.h.

Referenced by HandleWaitReplyTimeout(), Receive(), and V4TraceRoute().

The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:

src/internet-apps/model/v4traceroute.h
src/internet-apps/model/v4traceroute.cc

Public Member Functions

Static Public Member Functions

Private Member Functions

Private Attributes

Additional Inherited Members

Detailed Description

Config Paths

Attributes

Attributes defined in parent class ns3::Application

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ V4TraceRoute()

◆ ~V4TraceRoute()

Member Function Documentation

◆ DoDispose()

◆ GetApplicationId()

◆ GetTypeId()

◆ HandleWaitReplyTimeout()

◆ Print()

◆ Receive()

◆ Send()

◆ StartApplication()

◆ StartWaitReplyTimer()

◆ StopApplication()

Member Data Documentation

◆ m_interval

◆ m_maxProbes

◆ m_maxTtl

◆ m_next

◆ m_probeCount

◆ m_remote

◆ m_sent

◆ m_seq

◆ m_size

◆ m_socket

◆ m_started

◆ m_ttl

◆ m_verbose

◆ m_waitIcmpReplyTimeout

◆ m_waitIcmpReplyTimer

◆ os

◆ osRoute

◆ printStream

◆ routeIpv4